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首页> 外文期刊>Global Ecology and Conservation >Effects of pruning and mulching measures on annual soil moisture, yield, and water use efficiency in jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.) plantations
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Effects of pruning and mulching measures on annual soil moisture, yield, and water use efficiency in jujube (Ziziphus jujube Mill.) plantations

机译：修剪和覆盖措施对枣树人工林年土壤水分，产量和水分利用效率的影响

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Soil desiccation and water shortage are major challenges of rain-fed crop production in the semi-arid areas of the Loess Plateau of China. Mulching and pruning were considered effective strategies to improve harvest by reducing soil water evaporation and plant transpiration rates. In the present study, the possible synergistic effects of the combination of mulching and pruning on soil water status, growth, yield, and water use efficiency were explored in the jujube plant. Field experiments were conducted in a typical hilly semi-arid region over three growing seasons and two dormancy seasons in 2015–2017. The three treatments applied to mountain jujube plantations throughout the year were grassland (CK), regular pruning (PR), and pruning and mulching (PM). Soil water storage (0–200?cm) was higher in the PM than the PR treatment but lower than that of the CK in all three growing seasons. Relative to PR and CK, PM significantly decreased soil water loss during the dormancy season. The soil moisture infiltration depths were 300?cm, 160?cm, and 420?cm in 2016 and 420?cm, 280?cm, and 460?cm in 2017 for PM, PR, and CK, respectively. Soil desiccation was substantially reduced under the PM treatment in the deep soil layer but was less effectively mitigated under the PR treatment. In the CK treatment, soil desiccation appeared at 0–200?cm but was alleviated by heavy rainfall. Fresh fruit yield ranged from 6643–11,056?kg?hasup?1/sup for the PM treatment in 2015–2017. This range was 1221–2628?kg?hasup?1/sup higher than that for the PR treatment. Water use efficiency was 2.28?kg?msup?3/sup, 2.05?kg?msup?3/sup, and 2.22?kg?msup?3/sup under the PM treatment in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. These rates were 1.27?×?, 1.26?×?, and 1.39?×?higher, respectively, than those for the PR treatment. These results suggest that the combination of mulching and pruning is an alternative strategy for mitigating soil desiccation in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau of China. This alternative land management system may be critical for the sustainable cultivation of economically important forest trees in the Loess Plateau region and elsewhere.
机译：在中国黄土高原半干旱地区，土壤干燥和缺水是雨养作物生产的主要挑战。覆盖和修剪被认为是通过减少土壤水分蒸发和植物蒸腾速率来提高收成的有效策略。在本研究中，研究了覆盖与修剪相结合对枣树土壤水分状况，生长，产量和水分利用效率的可能的协同作用。在2015–2017年的三个生长季节和两个休眠季节，在典型的丘陵半干旱地区进行了田间试验。全年用于山枣种植的三种处理方式是草地（CK），定期修剪（PR）和修剪与覆盖（PM）。在所有三个生长季节中，PM的土壤贮水量（0–200？cm）均高于PR处理，但低于CK。相对于PR和CK，PM在休眠季节显着减少了土壤水分流失。 PM，PR和CK的土壤水分入渗深度在2016年分别为300？cm，160？cm和420？cm，在2017年分别为420？cm，280？cm和460？cm。在深层土壤中进行PM处理后，土壤干燥明显减少，但在PR处理下，土壤干燥作用却没有得到有效缓解。在CK处理中，土壤干燥出现在0-200？cm处，但由于大雨而减轻。 2015-2017年进行PM处理的新鲜水果产量在6643–11,056？kg？ha ？1 之间。该范围比PR治疗的范围高1221–2628？kg？ha ？1 。水分利用效率分别为2.28？kg？m ？3 ，2.05？kg？m ？3 和2.22？kg？m ？3 分别在2015年，2016年和2017年进行PM治疗。与PR治疗相比，这些比率分别高出1.27××，1.26××和1.39××。这些结果表明，覆盖与修剪相结合是减轻黄土高原丘陵地区土壤干燥的一种替代策略。这种替代性的土地管理系统对于在黄土高原地区和其他地区可持续种植具有重要经济意义的林木可能至关重要。

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