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首页> 外文期刊>Global Ecology and Conservation >The role of bats in pollination networks is influenced by landscape structure
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The role of bats in pollination networks is influenced by landscape structure

机译：蝙蝠在授粉网络中的作用受景观结构影响

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Nectarivorous bats are essential to the functioning to both agricultural and natural ecosystems in the tropics, yet these pollinator communities are declining as a result of habitat loss and hunting. Temporal variation and habitat changes lead to both roost and floral resource loss, which is the major driver of bat pollination decline. This study aims to determine how the bat pollination networks in mixed-fruit orchards are affected by flowering seasons and different land-use types. We estimated the abundance of nectarivorous and frugivorous bats using video observations to determine floral visitation rates from 18 mixed-fruit orchards in Southern Thailand. Pollination networks were then created based on network level indices (number of interactions and specialisation) and species level indices (strength?dependence of plant on each bat, and generalised degree?the number of interactions per species divided by the number of possible interacting partners) for each bat group at each orchard. We found that specialisation in low season networks was higher than those from peak season. Nectarivorous bats showed higher levels of normalised degree, and strength than frugivorous bats. The normalised degree of frugivorous bats, but not nectarivorous bats increased with the proportion of urban area within 30?km radius. The strength of bats was positively correlated with the proportion of plantations within a 2?km radius. Our results show that both bat guilds are strongly integrated into pollination networks where they occur and provide evidence that increasing the area of plantation and urban alters the degree of generalization of pollinators which can significantly impact pollination success of plants.
机译：食肉蝙蝠对于热带地区的农业和自然生态系统的运转至关重要，但是由于栖息地的丧失和狩猎，这些授粉媒介的种群正在减少。时间的变化和栖息地的变化导致栖息地和花卉资源的流失，这是蝙蝠授粉减少的主要原因。这项研究旨在确定混合果园中的蝙蝠授粉网络如何受到开花季节和不同土地利用类型的影响。我们使用视频观察来估计泰国南部18个混合果园的花访率，从而估计了食肉和节食蝙蝠的数量。然后根据网络水平指数（相互作用和专业化的数量）和物种水平指数（强度-每个蝙蝠的植物依赖性，以及广义度-每种物种相互作用的数量除以可能的相互作用伙伴的数量）创建授粉网络。每个果园的每个蝙蝠群。我们发现淡季网络的专业化程度高于旺季。肉食性蝙蝠的标准化程度和强度均高于食肉性蝙蝠。食蝙蝠的正常化程度，而不是食肉蝙蝠的正常化程度，随着半径30公里以内的城市面积比例的增加而增加。蝙蝠的强度与2平方公里半径内的人工林比例呈正相关。我们的结果表明，两个蝙蝠行会都已牢固地整合到授粉网络中，并提供了证据，表明种植园和城市面积的增加会改变授粉媒介的普遍化程度，从而严重影响植物的授粉成功。

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