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首页> 外文期刊>Fire Ecology >Repeated Application of Fuel Reduction Treatments in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, USA: Implications for Achieving Management Goals
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Repeated Application of Fuel Reduction Treatments in the Southern Appalachian Mountains, USA: Implications for Achieving Management Goals

机译：在美国南部阿巴拉契亚山脉重复使用减燃料疗法：对实现管理目标的启示

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Fire and resource managers of the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA, have many questions about the use of prescribed fire and mechanical treatments to meet various land management objectives. Three common objectives include restoration to an open woodland, oak regeneration, and fuel reduction. This paper provides information about reaching each of these three management objectives by using prescribed burning (B), mechanical fuel reduction (M), and a combination of both fire and mechanical treatment (MB). The southern Appalachian site of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate study has been burned three times and a mechanical treatment has been conducted twice since 2002. Stand structure was changed by each active treatment but restoration to an open woodland was not achieved by any. The MB treatment units developed the desired overstory structure but heavy sprouting of woody species in the understory prevented the establishment of a diverse herbaceous forest floor. Oak reproduction was increased by all active treatments, largely by sprouting of top-killed stems. The degree of fuel reduction differed by treatment. All treatments reduced the shrub layer, thus reducing the vertical fuel component. The B and MB treatments reduced most fuels and likely reduced the severity of a subsequent wildfire. We conclude that additional burning is required to meet each management objective, and that fires should be conducted more frequently, in different seasons, or in combination with other treatments.
机译：美国南部阿巴拉契亚山脉的火灾和资源经理对使用规定的火灾和机械处理方法以达到各种土地管理目标有很多疑问。三个共同目标包括恢复开阔的林地，橡树再生和减少燃料。本文提供了有关通过使用规定的燃烧（B），减少机械燃料（M）以及结合使用火和机械处理（MB）来实现这三个管理目标的信息。自2002年以来，国家火灾和火灾替代研究的阿巴拉契亚南部遗址被烧了三遍，机械处理已经进行了两次。每次积极处理都会改变林分结构，但是任何人都无法恢复到开阔的林地。 MB处理单元发展了所需的上层建筑结构，但是在下层树木中大量的木本植物发芽阻止了多样化的草本林地的建立。通过所有积极的处理，主要是通过杀死最熟的茎的发芽，橡木的繁殖得以提高。燃料减少的程度因处理而异。所有处理都减少了灌木层，从而减少了垂直燃料成分。 B和MB处理减少了大多数燃料，并可能降低了随后野火的严重性。我们得出结论，要实现每个管理目标都需要进行额外的燃烧，并且应更频繁地，在不同的季节或与其他处理结合进行燃烧。

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