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首页> 外文期刊>Fire Ecology >Shrub Communities, Spatial Patterns, and Shrub-Mediated Tree Mortality following Reintroduced Fire in Yosemite National Park, California, USA
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Shrub Communities, Spatial Patterns, and Shrub-Mediated Tree Mortality following Reintroduced Fire in Yosemite National Park, California, USA

机译：美国优胜美地国家公园重新引入大火后的灌木群落，空间格局和灌木介导的树木死亡率

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Shrubs contribute to the forest fuel load; their distribution is important to tree mortality and regeneration, and vertebrate occupancy. We used a method new to fire ecology—extensive continuous mapping of trees and shrub patches within a single large (25.6 ha) study site—to identify changes in shrub area, biomass, and spatial pattern due to fire reintroduction by a backfire following a century of fire exclusion in lower montane forests of the Sierra Nevada, California, USA. We examined whether trees in close proximity to shrubs prior to fire experienced higher mortality rates than trees in areas without shrubs. We calculated shrub biomass using demography subplots and existing allometric equations, and we developed new equations for beaked hazel (Corylus cornuta ssp. californica [A. de Candolle] E. Murray) from full dissection of 50 stems. Fire decreased shrub patch area from 15.1 % to 0.9 %, reduced live shrub biomass from 3.49 Mg ha−1 to 0.27 Mg ha−1, and consumed 4.41 Mg ha−1 of living and dead shrubs. Distinct (non-overlapping) shrub patches decreased from 47 ha−1 to 6 ha−1. The mean distance between shrub patches increased 135 %. Distances between montane chaparral patches increased 285 %, compared to a 54 % increase in distances between riparian shrub patches and an increase of 267 % between generalist shrub patches. Fire-related tree mortality within shrub patches was marginally lower (67.6 % versus 71.8 %), showing a contrasting effect of shrubs on tree mortality between this forest ecosystem and chaparral-dominated ecosystems in which most trees are killed by fire.
机译：灌木会增加森林的燃料负荷;它们的分布对于树木死亡率和再生以及脊椎动物的占有率很重要。我们使用了一种新的火灾生态方法-在一个大型（25.6公顷）研究地点内对树木和灌木丛进行广泛的连续制图-以确定一个世纪后由于逆火而引起的火灾造成的灌木面积，生物量和空间格局的变化美国内华达山脉下山地森林的防火措施我们检查了火灾前靠近灌木的树木的死亡率是否比没有灌木的树木高。我们使用人口统计学子图和现有的等速方程计算灌木生物量，并从50个茎的完整解剖图中开发了喙状榛树（Corylus cornuta ssp。californica [A. de Candolle] E. Murray）的新方程式。大火将灌木丛面积从15.1％降低到0.9％，活性灌木生物量从3.49 Mg ha-1减少到0.27 Mg ha-1，消耗了4.41 Mg ha-1的生灌木和死灌木。不同的（非重叠）灌木丛从47 ha-1减少到6 ha-1。灌木丛之间的平均距离增加了135％。山地丛林部分之间的距离增加了285％，而河岸灌木之间的距离增加了54％，通才灌木之间的距离增加了267％。灌木丛中与火有关的树木死亡率略低（67.6％比71.8％），这表明该森林生态系统与以丛林为生的丛林生物为主的生态系统之间灌木对树木死亡率的影响是相反的。

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