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Effect of extradural constriction on CSF flow in rat spinal cord

机译：硬膜外压迫对大鼠脊髓CSF的影响

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Fluid homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) is essential for normal neurological function. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space and interstitial fluid circulation in the CNS parenchyma clears metabolites and neurotransmitters and removes pathogens and excess proteins. A thorough understanding of the normal physiology is required in order to understand CNS fluid disorders, including post-traumatic syringomyelia. The aim of this project was to compare fluid transport, using quantitative imaging of tracers, in the spinal cord from animals with normal and obstructed spinal subarachnoid spaces. A modified extradural constriction model was used to obstruct CSF flow in the subarachnoid space at the cervicothoracic junction (C7–T1) in Sprague–Dawley rats. Alexa-Fluor 647 Ovalbumin conjugate was injected into the cisterna magna at either 1 or 6?weeks post–surgery. Macroscopic and microscopic fluorescent imaging were performed in animals sacrificed at 10 or 20?min post–injection. Tracer fluorescence intensity was compared at cervical and thoracic spinal cord levels between control and constriction animals at each post-surgery and post-injection time point. The distribution of tracer around arterioles, venules and capillaries was also compared. Macroscopically, the fluorescence intensity of CSF tracer was significantly greater in spinal cords from animals with a constricted subarachnoid space compared to controls, except at 1?week post-surgery and 10?min post-injection. CSF tracer fluorescence intensity from microscopic images was significantly higher in the white matter of constriction animals 1?week post surgery and 10?min post-injection. At 6?weeks post–constriction surgery, fluorescence intensity in both gray and white matter was significantly increased in animals sacrificed 10?min post-injection. At 20?min post-injection this difference was significant only in the white matter and was less prominent. CSF tracer was found predominantly in the perivascular spaces of arterioles and venules, as well as the basement membrane of capillaries, highlighting the importance of perivascular pathways in the transport of fluid and solutes in the spinal cord. The presence of a subarachnoid space obstruction may lead to an increase in fluid flow within the spinal cord tissue, presenting as increased flow in the perivascular spaces of arterioles and venules, and the basement membranes of capillaries. Increased fluid retention in the spinal cord in the presence of an obstructed subarachnoid space may be a critical step in the development of post-traumatic syringomyelia.
机译：中枢神经系统（CNS）中的流体稳态对于正常的神经功能至关重要。蛛网膜下腔中的脑脊液（CSF）和中枢神经系统实质中的间质液循环清除代谢物和神经递质，并清除病原体和过量的蛋白质。为了透彻了解中枢神经系统液体紊乱，包括创伤后脊髓空洞症，需要对正常生理有透彻的了解。该项目的目的是利用示踪剂的定量成像，比较具有正常和受阻脊髓蛛网膜下腔的动物在脊髓中的液体运输。改良的硬膜外收缩模型被用于阻塞Sprague-Dawley大鼠颈胸腔交界处（C7–T1）蛛网膜下腔的CSF流动。在手术后1或6周，将Alexa-Fluor 647卵清蛋白结合物注入大水罐。在注射后10或20分钟处死的动物中进行宏观和微观荧光成像。在每个手术后和注射后的时间点，在对照和收缩动物之间比较颈椎和胸脊髓水平的示踪荧光强度。还比较了示踪剂在小动脉，小静脉和毛细血管周围的分布。从宏观上看，蛛网膜下腔狭窄的动物的脊髓中的CSF示踪剂的荧光强度比对照组大得多，除了术后1周和注射后10分钟。缩窄动物的白质在手术后1周和注射后10分钟时，从显微图像获得的CSF示踪剂荧光强度明显更高。收缩术后6周，注射后10分钟处死的动物的灰色和白色物质的荧光强度显着增加。注射后20分钟时，这种差异仅在白质中显着，而不太明显。 CSF示踪剂主要在小动脉和小静脉的血管周围空间以及毛细血管的基底膜中发现，这突出了血管周路径在脊髓液和溶质运输中的重要性。蛛网膜下腔阻塞的存在可能导致脊髓组织内的流体流动增加，表现为小动脉和小静脉的血管周围空间以及毛细血管基底膜的流量增加。在蛛网膜下腔阻塞的情况下增加脊髓中的液体滞留可能是创伤后脊髓空洞症发展的关键步骤。

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