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Vegetation Responses to Changing Fire Regimes in a Rocky Mountain Forest

机译：落基山森林植被对火势变化的响应

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In western North America, subalpine forests experience fires that vary greatly in terms of severity and extent. However, beyond observational and dendroecological records, little is known about past fire severity and magnitude. This is because metrics used to identify fire and ecological impacts in the deep past (i.e., sedimentary charcoal and pollen data) are coarse tools for examining fine-scale environmental responses. Yet large fires should result in changes in pollen abundance and composition, which in turn can be used to identify event types, or severity of past events. We compare pollen spectra changes from a subalpine forest following identified fire events, to pollen spectra from periods between fires. From the pollen data, two types of fire events may be inferred. Fire events that affect understory plant composition (low to mid-severity) result in increases in canopy pollen. Fire events that consume both understory and canopy plants (high severity) result in decreases in canopy pollen relative to understory pollen and likely reflect differences in the recovery rates of trees compared to shrubs, grasses, and forbs. Inferred fire type showed no relationship to the size of charcoal peaks, suggesting that the quantity of charcoal observed in a sample does not provide information on fire severity. These results reveal the potential of examining fire regimes through time by combining sedimentary charcoal and pollen data, extending our interpretations of fire regimes deeper into the past.
机译：在北美西部，亚高山森林经历的大火在严重性和严重性方面差异很大。但是，除了观察和树状生态记录外，对过去火灾的严重性和严重程度知之甚少。这是因为用于识别深渊过去的火灾和生态影响的指标（即，沉积木炭和花粉数据）是用于检查精细环境响应的粗略工具。然而，大火会导致花粉丰度和组成发生变化，进而可以用来识别事件类型或过去事件的严重性。我们将识别出的大火事件后亚高山森林的花粉光谱变化与两次大火之间的花粉光谱进行比较。从花粉数据可以推断出两种火灾事件。会影响林下植物组成的火灾（低至中度）会导致冠层花粉增加。消耗林下植物和冠层植物的火灾（严重性高）导致林下花粉相对于林下花粉减少，并且可能反映了树木与灌木，草和Forbs相比的恢复率差异。推断的火种类型与木炭峰的大小没有关系，这表明样本中观察到的木炭量不能提供有关火势的信息。这些结果揭示了通过结合沉积木炭和花粉数据在时间上检查火势的潜力，将我们对火势的解释扩展到更深的过去。

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