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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience >Possible role of glial cells in the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and mental disorders
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Possible role of glial cells in the relationship between thyroid dysfunction and mental disorders

机译：胶质细胞在甲状腺功能障碍与精神障碍之间的关系中可能发挥的作用

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摘要

It is widely accepted that there is a close relationship between the endocrine system and the central nervous system (CNS). Among hormones closely related to the nervous system, thyroid hormones (THs) are critical for the development and function of the CNS; not only for neuronal cells but also for glial development and differentiation. Any impairment of TH supply to the developing CNS causes severe and irreversible changes in the overall architecture and function of the human brain, leading to various neurological dysfunctions. In the adult brain, impairment of THs, such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, can cause psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, anxiety and depression. Although impact of hypothyroidism on synaptic transmission and plasticity is known, its effect on glial cells and related cellular mechanisms remain enigmatic. This mini-review article summarizes how THs are transported into the brain, metabolized in astrocytes and affect microglia and oligodendrocytes, demonstrating an example of glioendocrine system. Neuroglial effects may help to understand physiological and/or pathophysiological functions of THs in the CNS and how hypo- and hyper-thyroidism may cause mental disorders.
机译：内分泌系统和中枢神经系统（CNS）之间存在密切的关系已被广泛接受。在与神经系统密切相关的激素中，甲状腺激素（THs）对于中枢神经系统的发育和功能至关重要。不仅用于神经元细胞，还用于神经胶质发育和分化。对发育中的中枢神经系统的TH供给的任何损害都会导致人脑整体结构和功能的严重且不可逆转的变化，从而导致各种神经功能障碍。在成年大脑中，TH受损，例如甲状腺功能减退和甲状腺功能亢进，可导致精神病，例如精神分裂症，双相情感障碍，焦虑和抑郁。尽管甲状腺功能减退症对突触传递和可塑性的影响是已知的，但其对神经胶质细胞和相关细胞机制的影响仍是未知的。这篇简短的综述文章总结了THs如何转运到大脑，在星形胶质细胞中代谢并影响小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞，证明了神经胶质内分泌系统的一个例子。神经胶质作用可能有助于了解中枢神经系统TH的生理和/或病理生理功能，以及甲状腺功能减退和甲状腺功能亢进如何导致精神障碍。

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