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Options for Controlling Type 2 Diabetes during Ramadan

机译：斋月期间控制2型糖尿病的选项

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The Muslim population is about 1.5 billion worldwide. Based on a global diabetes prevalence of 4.6%, it is estimated that there are about 50 million Muslims with diabetes around the world who observe fasting during the month of Ramadan each year. Ramadan, one of the five pillars of Islam, and which takes place during the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, involves fasting from sunrise to sunset. During the fast, Muslims are required to refrain from eating food, drinking, using medications, and smoking from dawn until after sunset, with no restrictions on food or fluid intake between sunset and dawn. Islam exempts people from the duty of fasting if they are sick, or if fasting may affect their health, as fasting for patients with diabetes carries a risk of an assortment of complications, including hypoglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, and metabolic complications, associated with dehydration. Nevertheless, a large number of people with diabetes who still choose to fast during Ramadan despite the advice of their doctor, and the permission received from religious authorities thus create medical challenges for themselves and their health-care providers. It is thus important for patients with diabetes who wish to fast during Ramadan to make the necessary preparations to engage in fasting as safely as possible. This review presents a guide to the care of diabetic patients during Ramadan to help them fast safely if they wish to do so.
机译：全球穆斯林人口约为15亿。根据全球4.6％的糖尿病患病率，估计全世界每年有大约5000万患有糖尿病的穆斯林在斋月期间观察斋戒。斋月是伊斯兰教的五个支柱之一，发生在伊斯兰教历的第九个月，涉及从日出到日落的禁食。在斋戒期间，穆斯林必须避免从黎明到日落之后饮食，饮水，使用药物和吸烟，并且在日落到黎明之间对食物或液体的摄入量没有限制。伊斯兰教免除了人们生病或禁食可能影响其健康的禁食义务，因为糖尿病患者的禁食会带来各种并发症的风险，包括低血糖，餐后高血糖和与脱水相关的代谢并发症。然而，尽管有医生的建议，仍有许多糖尿病患者在斋月期间仍选择禁食，而且宗教当局的许可也给他们自己和他们的医疗保健提供者带来了医疗挑战。因此，对于希望在斋月期间禁食的糖尿病患者，进行必要的准备工作以使其尽可能安全地禁食是很重要的。这篇评论为斋月期间糖尿病患者的护理提供了指南，以帮助他们安全地快速斋戒。

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