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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Endocrinology >The Regulation and Function of Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 and Its Function during Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuron Development
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The Regulation and Function of Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 and Its Function during Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuron Development

机译：成纤维细胞生长因子8的调控，功能及其在促性腺激素释放激素神经元发育中的作用

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Over the last few years, numerous studies solidified the hypothesis that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling regulates neuroendocrine progenitor cell proliferation, fate specification, and cell survival and, therefore, is critical for the regulation and maintenance of homeostasis of the body. One important example that underscores the involvement of FGF signaling during neuroendocrine cell development is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuron ontogenesis. Indeed, transgenic mice with reduced olfactory placode (OP) Fgf8 expression do not have GnRH neurons. This observation indicates the requirement of FGF8 signaling for the emergence of the GnRH neuronal system in the embryonic OP, the putative birth place of GnRH neurons. Mammalian reproductive success depends on the presence of GnRH neurons to stimulate gonadotropin secretion from the anterior pituitary, which activates gonadal steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. Together, these observations are critical for understanding the function of GnRH neurons and their control of the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis to maintain fertility. Taken together, these studies illustrate that GnRH neuron emergence and hence HPG function is vulnerable to genomic and molecular signals that abnormally modify Fgf8 expression in the developing mouse OP. In this short review, we focus on research that is aimed at unraveling how androgen, all-trans retinoic acid, and how epigenetic factors modify control mouse OP Fgf8 transcription in the context of GnRH neuronal development and mammalian reproductive success.
机译：在过去的几年中，大量研究巩固了以下假说：成纤维细胞生长因子（FGF）信号调节神经内分泌祖细胞的增殖，命运规范和细胞存活，因此，对于调节和维持机体内稳态至关重要。促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）神经元本体发育是强调FGF信号参与神经内分泌细胞发育的一个重要例子。实际上，嗅觉斑块（OP）Fgf8表达降低的转基因小鼠没有GnRH神经元。该观察结果表明在胚胎OP中GnRH神经元系统的出现需要FGF8信号传导，OP是GnRH神经元的假定出生地。哺乳动物的生殖成功取决于GnRH神经元的存在，以刺激垂体前叶分泌促性腺激素，从而激活性腺类固醇生成和配子生成。总之，这些观察对于理解GnRH神经元的功能及其对下丘脑-垂体-性腺（HPG）轴的控制以维持生育能力至关重要。综上所述，这些研究表明，GnRH神经元的出现以及因此HPG功能易受基因组和分子信号的影响，这些信号会异常修饰发育中的小鼠OP中Fgf8的表达。在这篇简短的综述中，我们专注于旨在阐明雄激素，全反式维甲酸以及在GnRH神经元发育和哺乳动物繁殖成功的背景下表观遗传因素如何改变控制小鼠OP Fgf8转录的研究。

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