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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution >Status of road ecology research in Africa: do we understand the impacts of roads, and how to successfully mitigate them?
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Status of road ecology research in Africa: do we understand the impacts of roads, and how to successfully mitigate them?

机译：非洲道路生态学研究的现状：我们是否了解道路的影响以及如何成功减轻它们的影响？

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Across Africa, transport infrastructure, including roads, is being built in over 30 planned development corridors that are likely to have major impacts on remaining natural habitats and associated biodiversity. Linked to this is the projected increase in human population size, which is predicted to grow by 1.3 billion people by 2050. Road ecology is the study of the ecological effects of roads and traffic but is perceived to be under-researched in Africa. In this context, we undertook a systematic review of road ecology research in Africa to understand the geographic and taxonomic scope of work undertaken to date, as well as recommendations for reducing the impacts of roads. We discovered 210 road ecology publications from Africa (1954 and 2016), with most publications from the more affluent and politically stable regions (e.g., southern and East Africa). We found more publications than expected, with relevant research concealed within studies whose primary focus was on other topics. Most publications 1) focused on single species, and in particular on mammals (chimpanzees and forest elephants); 2) were from southern Africa; and 3) were conducted in the grassland and savannah biome and the tropical and subtropical forest biome. Most publications examined the direct impacts of roads, in particular wildlife-vehicle collisions. Only one-third of the publications provided some form of recommendation for intervention to reduce or mitigate the impacts of roads, based on evidence from the publication. Most recommended interventions related to ecosystem or natural process recreation, as well as site and area stewardship. Gaps and future directions for research include rigorous testing of measures to mitigate the impacts of roads, inclusion of traffic monitoring in studies, understanding the impacts of upgrading roads, and exploring livelihood, economic and moral incentives and education and training as potential interventions for reducing the impacts of roads. Our review has highlighted the need for accelerating the study of the impacts of roads on natural habitats and biodiversity, in light of planned large-scale infrastructure development, and especially the study of appropriate mitigation measures that can be rigorously assessed and implemented before and during construction and upgrading of roads in Africa.
机译：在整个非洲，正在规划的30多个发展走廊中建设包括道路在内的运输基础设施，这可能对剩余的自然栖息地和相关的生物多样性产生重大影响。与此相关的是预计的人口增长，预计到2050年将增加13亿。道路生态学是对道路和交通的生态影响的研究，但人们认为对非洲的研究不足。在这种情况下，我们对非洲的道路生态学研究进行了系统的审查，以了解迄今为止开展的地理和生物分类工作范围，以及减少道路影响的建议。我们从非洲（1954年和2016年）发现了210种道路生态出版物，其中大多数出版物都来自较富裕和政治稳定的地区（例如南部和东部非洲）。我们发现的出版物超出了预期，相关研究隐藏在主要关注其他主题的研究中。大多数出版物1）关注单一物种，特别是哺乳动物（黑猩猩和森林象）; 2）来自南部非洲;和3）在草原和热带稀树草原生物群落以及热带和亚热带森林生物群落中进行。大多数出版物都研究了道路的直接影响，特别是野生动物与汽车的碰撞。根据出版物的证据，只有三分之一的出版物提供了某种形式的建议，以建议减少或减轻道路影响的干预措施。最推荐的干预措施涉及生态系统或自然过程的娱乐，以及场地和区域管理。研究的差距和未来的方向包括严格测试缓解道路影响的措施，在研究中纳入交通监控，了解道路升级的影响以及探索生计，经济和道德激励措施以及教育和培训，作为减少交通影响的潜在措施。道路的影响。我们的审查强调，根据计划的大规模基础设施建设，尤其是对在建设之前和建设期间可以严格评估和实施的适当缓解措施的研究，有必要加快研究道路对自然栖息地和生物多样性的影响。和非洲道路的升级。

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