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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Plant Science >Phenology, Canopy Aging and Seasonal Carbon Balance as Related to Delayed Winter Pruning of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sangiovese Grapevines
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Phenology, Canopy Aging and Seasonal Carbon Balance as Related to Delayed Winter Pruning of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sangiovese Grapevines

机译：物候，树冠衰老和季节性碳平衡与 vinitisa vinifera L。cv。的冬季修剪延迟有关。桑娇维塞葡萄藤

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Manipulating or shifting annual grapevine growing cycle to offset limitations imposed by global warming is a must today, and delayed winter pruning is a tool to achieve it. However, no information is available about its physiological background, especially in relation to modifications in canopy phenology, demography and seasonal carbon budget. Mechanistic hypothesis underlying this work was that very late winter pruning (LWP) can achieve significant postponement of phenological stages so that ripening might occur in a cooler period and, concurrently, ripening potential can be improved due to higher efficiency and prolonged longevity of the canopy. Variability in the dynamics of the annual cycle was created in mature potted cv. Sangiovese grapevines subjected to either standard winter pruning (SWP) or late and very late winter pruning (LWP, VLWP) performed when apical shoots on the unpruned canes were at the stage of 2 and 7 unfolded leaves. Vegetative growth, phenology and canopy net CO_(2)exchange (NCER) were followed throughout the season. Despite LWP and VLWP induced a bud-burst delay of 17 and 31 days vs. SWP, the delay was fully offset at harvest for LWP and was reduced to 6 days in VLWP. LWP showed notably higher canopy efficiency as shorter time needed to reach maximum NCER/leaf area (22 days vs. 34 in SWP), highest maximum NCER/leaf area (+37% as compared to SWP) and higher NCER/leaf area rates from veraison to end of season. As a result, seasonal cumulated carbon in LWP was 17% higher than SWP. A negative functional relationship was also established between amount of leaf area removed at winter pruning and yield per vine and berry number per cluster. Although retarded winter pruning was not able to postpone late-season phenological stages under the warm conditions of this study, it showed a remarkable potential to limit yield while improving grape quality, thereby fostering the hypothesis that it could be used to replace time-consuming and costly cluster thinning. This preliminary study indicates that proper winter pruning date should be timed so as not to exceed the stage of two unfolded leaves.
机译：如今，必须操纵或改变葡萄树的年度生长周期以抵消全球变暖带来的限制，而延迟冬季修剪是实现这一目标的工具。但是，尚无有关其生理背景的信息，尤其是有关冠层物候，人口统计学和季节性碳收支变化的信息。这项工作的机械学说是，很晚的冬季修剪（LWP）可以显着推迟物候期，因此成熟期可能在较冷的时期发生，同时，由于较高的冠层效率和较长的寿命，可以提高成熟潜力。在成熟的盆栽简历中创造了年度周期动态的可变性。当未修剪的甘蔗上的顶端芽分别在2和7片展开的阶段时，对桑娇维塞葡萄进行标准的冬季修剪（SWP）或后期和很晚的冬季修剪（LWP，VLWP）。在整个季节中都跟踪了植物生长，物候和冠层净CO_（2）交换（NCER）。尽管LWP和VLWP与SWP相比萌芽延迟分别延迟了17天和31天，但LWP的收获延迟被抵消，而VLWP则减少至6天。 LWP显示出较高的冠层效率，因为达到最大NCER /叶面积所需的时间较短（22天，而SWP为34天），最高NCER /叶面积最高（与SWP相比增加了37％），并且更高的NCER /叶面积比率为验证到赛季结束。结果，LWP中的季节性积碳比SWP高17％。在冬季修剪时除去的叶面积数量与每簇的每株葡萄和浆果数之间也建立了负的功能关系。尽管在本研究的温暖条件下，冬季修剪的迟缓无法推迟后期的物候期，但它显示了在提高葡萄品质的同时限制产量的显着潜力，从而树立了可以用来代替耗时且费力的假设。代价高昂的群集精简。这项初步研究表明，应适当修剪冬季修剪日期，以免超过两张未展开的叶子的阶段。

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