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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Public Health >Indigenous Food Systems and Climate Change: Impacts of Climatic Shifts on the Production and Processing of Native and Traditional Crops in the Bolivian Andes
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Indigenous Food Systems and Climate Change: Impacts of Climatic Shifts on the Production and Processing of Native and Traditional Crops in the Bolivian Andes

机译：土著粮食系统和气候变化：气候变化对玻利维亚安第斯山脉本地和传统农作物生产和加工的影响

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Inhabitants of the high-mountain Andes have already begun to experience changes in the timing, severity, and patterning of annual weather cycles. These changes have important implications for agriculture, for human health, and for the conservation of biodiversity in the region. This paper examines the implications of climate-driven changes for native and traditional crops in the municipality of Colomi, Cochabamba, Bolivia. Data were collected between 2012 and 2014 via mixed methods, qualitative fieldwork, including participatory workshops with female farmers and food preparers, semi-structured interviews with local agronomists, and participant observation. Drawing from this data, the paper describes (a) the observed impacts of changing weather patterns on agricultural production in the municipality of Colomi, Bolivia and (b) the role of local environmental resources and conditions, including clean running water, temperature, and humidity, in the household processing techniques used to conserve and sometimes detoxify native crop and animal species, including potato (Solanum sp.), oca (Oxalis tuberosa), tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis), papalisa (Ullucus tuberosus), and charke (llama or sheep jerky). Analysis suggests that the effects of climatic changes on agriculture go beyond reductions in yield, also influencing how farmers make choices about the timing of planting, soil management, and the use and spatial distribution of particular crop varieties. Furthermore, household processing techniques to preserve and detoxify native foods rely on key environmental and climatic resources, which may be vulnerable to climatic shifts. Although these findings are drawn from a single case study, we suggest that Colomi agriculture characterizes larger patterns in what might be termed, “indigenous food systems.” Such systems are underrepresented in aggregate models of the impacts of climate change on world agriculture and may be under different, more direct, and more immediate threat from climate change. As such, the health of the food production and processing environments in such systems merits immediate attention in research and practice.
机译：高山安第斯山脉的居民已经开始经历年度天气周期的时间安排，严重程度和模式的变化。这些变化对农业，人类健康以及该地区的生物多样性保护都具有重要意义。本文研究了玻利维亚科恰班巴市科洛米市气候变化对当地和传统作物的影响。 2012年至2014年之间通过混合方法，定性实地调查（包括与女农民和食品准备者的参与式讲习班，与当地农艺师的半结构化访谈以及参与者观察）收集了数据。本文利用这些数据描述了（a）观测到的天气模式变化对玻利维亚科洛米市农业生产的影响，以及（b）当地环境资源和条件（包括干净的自来水，温度和湿度）的作用，用于保存和有时为天然农作物和动物排毒的家庭加工技术，包括马铃薯（Solanum sp。），oca（Oxalis tuberosa），tarwi（Lupinus mutabilis），palpalisa（Ullucus tuberosus）和炭黑（骆驼或绵羊）生涩的）。分析表明，气候变化对农业的影响不仅限于减产，还影响农民如何选择播种时间，土壤管理以及特定作物品种的使用和空间分布。此外，用于保存和解毒天然食物的家庭加工技术依赖于关键的环境和气候资源，而这些资源可能容易​​受到气候变化的影响。尽管这些发现是从单个案例研究中得出的，但我们建议科洛米农业在“土著食物系统”中具有较大的特征。在气候变化对世界农业影响的总体模型中，此类系统的代表性不足，并且可能受到气候变化的不同，更直接，更直接的威胁。因此，这种系统中食品生产和加工环境的健康状况值得研究和实践的关注。

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