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首页> 外文期刊>Malaria Journal >Rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi: a major concern for malaria vector control
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Rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi: a major concern for malaria vector control

机译：马拉维按蚊的多种杀虫剂抗药性的上升：疟疾媒介控制的一个主要问题

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Background Deciphering the dynamics and evolution of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors is crucial for successful vector control. This study reports an increase of resistance intensity and a rise of multiple insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus in Malawi leading to reduced bed net efficacy. Methods Anopheles funestus group mosquitoes were collected in southern Malawi and the species composition, Plasmodium infection rate, susceptibility to insecticides and molecular bases of the resistance were analysed. Results Mosquito collection revealed a predominance of An. funestus group mosquitoes with a high hybrid rate (12.2 %) suggesting extensive species hybridization. An. funestus sensu stricto was the main Plasmodium vector (4.8 % infection). Consistently high levels of resistance to pyrethroid and carbamate insecticides were recorded and had increased between 2009 and 2014. Furthermore, the 2014 collection exhibited multiple insecticide resistance, notably to DDT, contrary to 2009. Increased pyrethroid resistance correlates with reduced efficacy of bed nets (<5 % mortality by Olyset ? net), which can compromise control efforts. This change in resistance dynamics is mirrored by prevalent resistance mechanisms, firstly with increased over-expression of key pyrethroid resistance genes (CYP6Pa/b and CYP6M7) in 2014 and secondly, detection of the A296S-RDL dieldrin resistance mutation for the first time. However, the L119F-GSTe2 and kdr mutations were absent. Conclusions Such increased resistance levels and rise of multiple resistance highlight the need to rapidly implement resistance management strategies to preserve the effectiveness of existing insecticide-based control interventions.
机译：背景解读疟疾媒介中杀虫剂抗药性的动态和演变对于成功控制媒介至关重要。这项研究报告了马拉维按蚊的抗药性强度增加和多种杀虫剂抗药性增加，导致床网功效降低。方法在马拉维南部地区收集真菌中的按蚊类蚊，分析其种类组成，疟原虫感染率，对杀虫剂的敏感性以及抗药性的分子基础。结果蚊子收集显示出An的优势。 Funestus组蚊子具有很高的杂种率（12.2％），表明广泛的物种杂种。一个。最严格的真菌是主要的疟原虫载体（感染率为4.8％）。记录到的对拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂的抗药性一直很高，并且在2009年至2014年期间有所增加。此外，2014年的产品对多种杀虫剂产生了抗药性，尤其是对DDT的抗药性，与2009年相反。 Olyset™净死亡率为5％），这可能会影响控制工作。耐药机制的这种变化可以通过普遍的耐药机制反映出来，首先是2014年关键拟除虫菊酯耐药基因（CYP6Pa / b和CYP6M7）的过量表达增加，其次是首次检测到A296S-RDL狄氏剂耐药突变。但是，L119F-GSTe2和kdr突变不存在。结论如此增加的抗药性水平和多重抗药性的上升突显了快速实施抗药性管理策略以保持现有基于杀虫剂的控制干预措施的有效性的需要。

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