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Diel and tidal rhythms in diving behaviour of pelagic sharks identified by signal processing of archival tagging data

机译：通过档案标签数据的信号处理确定的中上鲨潜水行为的Diel和潮汐节律

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ABSTRACT: Patterns of vertical movement in pelagic predators can be highly complex, reflecting behaviours such as foraging, thermoregulatory excursions and spawning. Here we used fast Fourier analysis to identify periodicity in the vertical movements of 6 basking sharks Cetorhinus maximus from archival tagging data that totalled 595 d. We analysed quantitatively fine-scale vertical movements of basking sharks over seasonal scales (May to February) and detected predominant periodicities related to the vertical movements of the sharks’ zooplankton prey. Normal and reverse diel vertical migration (DVM) represented the main periodic dive behaviour, occurring for 11 to 72% of individual track times. A tidal pattern of vertical movement, previously unreported for sharks, was also identified. A possible mechanism for this behaviour appears related to the shark exploiting tidally-induced aggregations of zooplankton prey at depth. The youngest shark tagged showed a markedly different pattern of vertical behaviour. Long-term data sets of swimming depth are becoming increasingly available for pelagic predators from pressure-sensitive data loggers. This study demonstrates the utility of signal processing techniques in objectively identifying both expected and unexpected periodicity in these continuous, high-resolution tracks.
机译：摘要：中上层捕食者的垂直运动模式可能非常复杂，反映了觅食，温度调节偏移和产卵等行为。在这里，我们使用快速傅立叶分析，从总计595 d的档案标签数据中识别了6条鲨（Cetorhinus maximus）的垂直运动的周期性。我们定量分析了seasonal鲨在季节性尺度（5月至2月）的精细尺度垂直运动，并检测到与鲨鱼浮游动物猎物垂直运动有关的主要周期性。正常和反向diel垂直迁移（DVM）代表了主要的定期潜水行为，发生在单个航迹时间的11％至72％。还确定了以前没有报告过鲨鱼的垂直运动的潮汐模式。这种行为的可能机制似乎与鲨鱼在潮汐中利用潮汐引起的浮游生物猎物的聚集有关。被标记的最年轻的鲨鱼表现出明显不同的垂直行为模式。远洋掠食者的长期数据集已从压力敏感数据记录器中越来越多地用于中上层捕食者。这项研究证明了信号处理技术在客观地识别这些连续的高分辨率轨道中的预期和意外周期方面的实用性。

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