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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Substrate exploitation and resistance to biotic disturbance in the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa and the bivalve Pododesmus macrochisma
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Substrate exploitation and resistance to biotic disturbance in the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa and the bivalve Pododesmus macrochisma

机译：腕足类足节虫和双壳类Pododesmus macrochisma的底物开发及其对生物干扰的抗性

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ABSTRACT: To test the hypothesis that epifaunal bivalves are more resistant to biotic disturbance than brachiopods, I evaluated abundances and body size of the brachiopod Terebratalia transversa and the anomiid bivalve Pododesmus macrochisma, which co-occur in the San Juan Islands (Washington State, USA, eastern Pacific). The proportion of bare space correlated with intensity of biotic disturbance had negative effects and surface rugosity had positive effects on abundance of T. transversa. Both rugophilic settlement and post-settlement mortality of juveniles due to biotic disturbance restrict T. transversa to crevices and complex substrates formed by solitary ascidians and giant barnacles. Its juveniles are under-represented on flat substrates, implying lower survivorship than in crevices, where juveniles are common. Abundance of the byssally-cemented bivalve P. macrochisma is negatively affected by rugosity and does not decrease with increasing bare space. P. macrochisma size patterns do not differ between crevices and flat substrates. Flat valves and high post-settlement mobility probably increase its juvenile survivorship under grazing pressure. T. transversa is not able to re-attach after settlement and is thus less resistant to grazing effects than P. macrochisma. This study supports the hypothesis that brachiopods are more negatively affected by biotic disturbance than epibyssate bivalves. Although brachiopods can be less preyed upon by carnivorous predators than epibyssate bivalves, T. transversa is affected more negatively by grazing than P. macrochisma. The evolutionary decline of brachiopod abundance in shallow habitats may represent responses to a heavy pressure on juveniles by grazers that evolved during the Mesozoic.
机译：摘要：为了检验假肢足类双足类动物比腕足类动物对生物干扰更有抵抗力这一假说，我评估了腕足类动物的横臂动物和畸形双足类动物的双足大臂猿Pododesmus macrochisma的丰度和体型，共同发生在圣胡安群岛（美国华盛顿州，东太平洋）。与生物扰动强度相关的裸露空间比例对 T的丰度具有负面影响，表面皱纹度具有正面影响。横向。由于生物干扰而导致的青少年的亲身沉降和沉降后死亡率都限制了T。横贯由单个海生动物和巨型藤壶形成的缝隙和复杂的基质。在平坦的基底上，其幼鱼的代表性不足，这意味着其存活率低于幼鱼常见的缝隙。底部胶合的双壳类动物 P的丰度。大裂口受到皱纹的负面影响，并且不会随着裸露空间的增加而减少。 P裂隙和平坦基底之间的大裂缝尺寸模式没有差异。平坦的阀门和高的定居后机动性可能会在放牧压力下增加其少年生存率。 T。横断点在沉降后无法重新附着，因此与 P相比，对放牧的抵抗力更弱。大裂口。这项研究支持以下假设：腕足类动物比上足类双壳类动物受到生物干扰的负面影响更大。尽管腕足类动物比食虫类双壳类动物更容易被肉食性天敌捕食，所以。与 P相比，横放对放牧的负面影响更大。大裂口。浅生境中腕足动物数量的进化下降可能代表对中生代放牧者放牧给幼鱼造成巨大压力的反应。

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