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首页> 外文期刊>Marine ecology progress series >Behavioural changes in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in response to boat-based tourism
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Behavioural changes in female Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins in response to boat-based tourism

机译：乘船旅游对印度洋-太平洋宽吻海豚行为的影响

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ABSTRACT: We investigated the behavioural changes of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus in response to boat-based tourism at both group and individual levels. The behaviour, movement and dive patterns of nursing females off the south coast of Zanzibar were investigated between January and March 2000 to 2002 and statistical comparisons were made between observations made at different levels of tourist activity. Behavioural data was collected during boat surveys using scan sampling of groups and focal individual follows of 5 female dolphins with calves. The movement patterns of dolphin groups were not affected by the presence of a few (1 to 2) tourist boats without swimmers. However, the groups displayed a significantly larger proportion of erratic (non-directional) movements as tourist activities increased and when swimmers were present. The proportion of active, peduncle, tail-out and porpoise dives also increased as tourist activity increased. Further, females travelled more frequently as tourist activities increased; this may have a negative effect on the time available for females to nurse their calves. Intense non-regulated dolphin tourism in this area may lead to a shift in habitat use by nursing females, and the apparent changes in dolphin behaviour due to the increased levels of tourism may ultimately reduce fitness at both individual and population levels. We urge that the guidelines already issued by the Department of Fisheries and Marine Products, Zanzibar, be implemented and complied with as a first important step towards sustainable dolphin tourism.
机译：摘要：我们调查了印度洋-太平洋宽吻海豚 Tursiops aduncus 的行为变化，以团体和个人的方式响应船上旅游。在2000年1月至2002年3月之间，对桑给巴尔南海岸外的女护理人员的行为，运动和潜水方式进行了调查，并对不同游客活动水平的观察结果进行了统计比较。在船只调查期间收集行为数据，方法是对各组进行扫描采样，并追踪5只雌性海豚与小牛的个体追踪情况。几只（1-2只）没有游泳者的游船的存在并不会影响海豚群的活动方式。但是，随着游客活动的增加以及当游泳者在场时，这些群体表现出很大比例的不稳定（非定向）运动。随着游客活动的增加，活跃的，花梗，尾巴跳和海豚的潜水比例也增加了。此外，随着旅游活动的增加，女性旅行的频率也增加了。这可能会对女性哺乳犊牛的时间产生负面影响。该地区激烈的无节制海豚旅游活动可能会导致哺乳女性改变栖息地的使用方式，而由于旅游业水平的提高，海豚行为的明显变化最终可能会降低个人和人口的适应度。我们敦促执行并遵守桑给巴尔渔业和海洋产品部已经发布的准则，这是迈向可持续海豚旅游的重要的第一步。

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