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首页> 外文期刊>MBio >Comparative Genomics of Cyanobacterial Symbionts Reveals Distinct, Specialized Metabolism in Tropical Dysideidae Sponges
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Comparative Genomics of Cyanobacterial Symbionts Reveals Distinct, Specialized Metabolism in Tropical Dysideidae Sponges

机译：蓝藻共生菌的比较基因组学揭示了热带 Dysideidae 海绵中的独特代谢。

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Natural products provide the inspiration for most clinical drugs. With the rise in antibiotic resistance, it is imperative to discover new sources of chemical diversity. Bacteria living in symbiosis with marine invertebrates have emerged as an untapped source of natural chemistry. While symbiotic bacteria are often recalcitrant to growth in the lab, advances in metagenomic sequencing and assembly now make it possible to access their genetic blueprint. A cell enrichment procedure, combined with a hybrid sequencing and assembly approach, enabled detailed genomic analysis of uncultivated cyanobacterial symbiont populations in two chemically rich tropical marine sponges. These population genomes reveal a wealth of secondary metabolism potential as well as possible reasons for historical difficulties in their cultivation. ABSTRACT Marine sponges are recognized as valuable sources of bioactive metabolites and renowned as petri dishes of the sea, providing specialized niches for many symbiotic microorganisms. Sponges of the family Dysideidae are well documented to be chemically talented, often containing high levels of polyhalogenated compounds, terpenoids, peptides, and other classes of bioactive small molecules. This group of tropical sponges hosts a high abundance of an uncultured filamentous cyanobacterium, Hormoscilla spongeliae . Here, we report the comparative genomic analyses of two phylogenetically distinct Hormoscilla populations, which reveal shared deficiencies in essential pathways, hinting at possible reasons for their uncultivable status, as well as differing biosynthetic machinery for the production of specialized metabolites. One symbiont population contains clustered genes for expanded polybrominated diphenylether (PBDE) biosynthesis, while the other instead harbors a unique gene cluster for the biosynthesis of the dysinosin nonribosomal peptides. The hybrid sequencing and assembly approach utilized here allows, for the first time, a comprehensive look into the genomes of these elusive sponge symbionts.
机译：天然产品为大多数临床药物提供了灵感。随着抗生素耐药性的增加，必须找到新的化学多样性来源。与海洋无脊椎动物共生的细菌已成为未开发的天然化学来源。尽管共生细菌通常在实验室中难以抵抗其生长，但宏基因组测序和组装技术的进步现在使得获得其遗传蓝图成为可能。细胞富集程序与混合测序和组装方法相结合，可对两种化学丰富的热带海洋海绵中未培养的蓝细菌共生菌种群进行详细的基因组分析。这些种群基因组显示出大量的次生代谢潜力以及其耕种历史困难的可能原因。摘要海洋海绵被公认为是生物活性代谢物的宝贵来源，并被誉为海洋的皮氏培养皿，为许多共生微生物提供了专门的生态位。 dysideidae家族的海绵已经被证明具有化学天赋，通常含有高含量的多卤代化合物，萜类，肽和其他类别的生物活性小分子。这组热带海绵中含有大量未培养的丝状蓝藻，即海绵状海绵菌。在这里，我们报告了两个系统发育不同的荷西菌种群的比较基因组分析，揭示了基本途径中共有的缺陷，暗示了它们无法培养状态的可能原因，以及产生专门代谢产物的不同生物合成机制。一个共生种群包含用于扩展的多溴联苯醚（PBDE）生物合成的簇状基因，而另一个则具有独特的基因组，用于肌苷毒苷非核糖体肽的生物合成。此处使用的杂交测序和组装方法首次允许全面了解这些难以捉摸的海绵共生体的基因组。

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