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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Genetics >Portuguese crypto-Jews: the genetic heritage of a complex history
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Portuguese crypto-Jews: the genetic heritage of a complex history

机译：葡萄牙隐秘犹太人：复杂历史的遗传遗产

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The first documents mentioning Jewish people in Iberia are from the Visigothic period. It was also in this period that the first documented anti-Judaic persecution took place. Other episodes of persecution would happen again and again during the long troubled history of the Jewish people in Iberia and culminated with the Decrees of Expulsion and the establishment of the Inquisition: some Jews converted to Catholicism while others resisted and were forcedly baptized, becoming the first Iberian Crypto-Jews. In the 18th century the official discrimination and persecution carried out by the Inquisition ended and several Jewish communities emerged in Portugal. From a populational genetics point of view, the worldwide Diaspora of contemporary Jewish communities has been intensely studied. Nevertheless, very little information is available concerning Sephardic and Iberian Crypto-Jewish descendants. Data from the Iberian Peninsula, the original geographic source of Sephardic Jews, is limited to two populations in Portugal, Belmonte, and Bragan?a district, and the Chueta community from Mallorca. Belmonte was the first Jewish community studied for uniparental markers. The construction of a reference model for the history of the Portuguese Jewish communities, in which the genetic and classical historical data interplay dynamically, is still ongoing. Recently an enlarged sample covering a wide region in the Northeast Portugal was undertaken, allowing the genetic profiling of male and female lineages. A Jewish specific shared female lineage (HV0b) was detected between the community of Belmonte and Bragan?a. In contrast to what was previously described as a hallmark of the Portuguese Jews, an unexpectedly high polymorphism of lineages was found in Bragan?a, showing a surprising resistance to the erosion of genetic diversity typical of small-sized isolate populations, as well as signs of admixture with the Portuguese host population.
机译：关于伊比利亚犹太人的第一批文件来自西哥特时代。也是在这个时期，第一次有文献记载的反犹太人的迫害。在长期受困的伊比利亚犹太人历史上，迫害的其他事件会一次又一次地发生，并最终以驱逐令和宗教裁判所成立为高潮：一些犹太人converted依了天主教，而另一些犹太人则抵制并被迫洗礼，成为第一个伊比利亚的加密犹太人。在18世纪，宗教裁判所进行的正式歧视和迫害结束了，葡萄牙出现了几个犹太人社区。从种群遗传学的角度，对当代犹太社区的全球散居人口进行了深入研究。然而，关于塞巴第人和伊比利亚隐秘犹太人后裔的信息很少。来自伊比利亚半岛的原始地理来源伊比利亚半岛的数据仅限于葡萄牙，贝尔蒙特和布拉干沙地区的两个人口，以及马洛卡的丘埃塔社区。 Belmonte是第一个研究单亲标记的犹太人社区。葡萄牙犹太社区历史参考模型的构建仍在继续进行，遗传和古典历史数据在其中动态相互作用。最近，进行了一个扩大的样本，覆盖了葡萄牙东北部的广大地区，从而对男性和女性血统进行了基因分析。在Belmonte社区和Bragan？a社区之间发现了犹太人特定的共享女性血统（HV0b）。与以前被描述为葡萄牙犹太人的特征相反，在布拉干省发现了出乎意料的高谱系多态性，显示出对小型分离群典型的遗传多样性侵蚀的惊人抵抗力，以及迹象与葡萄牙接待人口的混合物。

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