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首页> 外文期刊>Frontiers in Human Neuroscience >Dancing or Fitness Sport? The Effects of Two Training Programs on Hippocampal Plasticity and Balance Abilities in Healthy Seniors
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Dancing or Fitness Sport? The Effects of Two Training Programs on Hippocampal Plasticity and Balance Abilities in Healthy Seniors

机译：跳舞还是健身运动？两种培训计划对健康老年人海马可塑性和平衡能力的影响

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Age-related degenerations in brain structure are associated with balance disturbances and cognitive impairment. However, neuroplasticity is known to be preserved throughout lifespan and physical training studies with seniors could reveal volume increases in the hippocampus (HC), a region crucial for memory consolidation, learning and navigation in space, which were related to improvements in aerobic fitness. Moreover, a positive correlation between left HC volume and balance performance was observed. Dancing seems a promising intervention for both improving balance and brain structure in the elderly. It combines aerobic fitness, sensorimotor skills and cognitive demands while at the same time the risk of injuries is low. Hence, the present investigation compared the effects of an 18-month dancing intervention and traditional health fitness training on volumes of hippocampal subfields and balance abilities. Before and after intervention, balance was evaluated using the Sensory Organization Test and HC volumes were derived from magnetic resonance images (3T, MP-RAGE). Fourteen members of the dance (67.21 ± 3.78 years, seven females), and 12 members of the fitness group (68.67 ± 2.57 years, five females) completed the whole study. Both groups revealed hippocampal volume increases mainly in the left HC (CA1, CA2, subiculum). The dancers showed additional increases in the left dentate gyrus and the right subiculum. Moreover, only the dancers achieved a significant increase in the balance composite score. Hence, dancing constitutes a promising candidate in counteracting the age-related decline in physical and mental abilities.
机译：大脑结构中与年龄相关的变性与平衡障碍和认知障碍有关。但是，已知在整个生命周期中都会保留神经可塑性，对老年人的体育锻炼研究可能会发现海马（HC）的体积增加，这是对空间记忆巩固，学习和导航至关重要的区域，这与有氧健身的改善有关。此外，观察到左HC量与平衡能力之间呈正相关。跳舞似乎可以改善老年人的平衡和大脑结构。它结合了有氧健身，感觉运动技能和认知要求，同时受伤风险低。因此，本研究比较了18个月的舞蹈干预和传统的健康健身训练对海马子区体积和平衡能力的影响。干预前后，使用感觉组织测验评估平衡，并从磁共振图像（3T，MP-RAGE）得出HC量。舞蹈的十四名成员（67.21±3.78岁，七位女性）和健身组的十二名成员（68.67±2.57岁，五位女性）完成了整个研究。两组均显示，海马体积主要在左侧HC（CA1，CA2，下丘脑）增加。舞者表现出左齿状回和右下支的额外增加。此外，只有舞者的平衡综合得分显着提高。因此，舞蹈是对抗与年龄有关的身心能力下降的有前途的候选人。

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