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Recent advances in the neuroprotective effects of medical gases

机译：医用气体神经保护作用的最新进展

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Central nervous system injuries are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Although the exact pathophysiological mechanisms of various brain injuries vary, central nervous system injuries often result in an inflammatory response, and subsequently lead to brain damage. This suggests that neuroprotection may be necessany in the treatment of multiple disease models. The use of medical gases as neuroprotective agents has gained great attention in the medical field. Medical gases include common gases, such as oxygen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide; hydrogen sulphide and nitric oxide that have been considered toxic; volatile anesthetic gases, such as isoflurane and sevoflurane; and inert gases like helium, argon, and xenon. The neuroprotection from these medical gases has been investigated in experimental animal models of various types of brain injuries, such as traumatic brain injury, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, the transition into the clinical practice is still lagging. This delay could be attributed to the contradictory paradigms and the conflicting results that have been obtained from experimental models, as well as the presence of inconsistent reports regarding their safety. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of medical gases and discuss possible candidates that could improve the outcomes of brain injury.
机译：中枢神经系统损伤是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因。尽管各种脑损伤的确切病理生理机制各不相同，但中枢神经系统损伤通常会导致炎症反应，并随后导致脑损伤。这表明在多种疾病模型的治疗中神经保护可能是必要的。医用气体作为神经保护剂的使用在医学领域引起了极大的关注。医用气体包括普通气体，例如氧气，氢气和二氧化碳。被认为有毒的硫化氢和一氧化氮;挥发性麻醉气体，例如异氟烷和七氟醚;以及惰性气体，例如氦气，氩气和氙气。已经在各种类型的脑损伤的实验动物模型中研究了从这些医用气体中获得的神经保护作用，例如创伤性脑损伤，中风，蛛网膜下腔出血，脑缺血/再灌注损伤和神经退行性疾病。然而，向临床实践的过渡仍然滞后。这种延迟可能归因于从实验模型获得的矛盾范例和矛盾的结果，以及关于其安全性的不一致报告的存在。在这篇综述中，我们总结了医用气体神经保护作用的潜在机制，并讨论了可能改善脑损伤结果的可能候选药物。

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