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首页> 外文期刊>Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems >Fish assemblages and diversity in three tributaries of the Irrawaddy River in China: changes, threats and conservation perspectives
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Fish assemblages and diversity in three tributaries of the Irrawaddy River in China: changes, threats and conservation perspectives

机译：中国伊洛瓦底江的三个支流的鱼类聚集和多样性：变化，威胁和保护的观点

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Incompletely known fish assemblages and species diversity are substantial obstacles in fish conservation, particularly when their aquatic habitats are under threat due to rapid human-induced changes. Fish assemblages and diversity in three tributaries of the upper Irrawaddy River in China (the Dulong, Daying and Ruili rivers) were examined based on field collections and literature resources. The newly compiled fish assemblage recorded 85 species (in 8 orders, 20 families and 51 genera) distributed in the upper Irrawaddy. The fish compositions in the Daying (67 species, 44 genera, 19 families, 7 orders) and Ruili rivers (65 species, 44 genera, 19 families, 8 orders) were more similar to each other and more speciose than that in the Dulong River (14 species, 10 genera, 4 families, 3 orders). Two indices of taxonomic diversity (the average taxonomic distinctness ( Δ ~(+) ), and the variation in taxonomic distinctness ( Λ ~(+)) ) were used to discriminate four collections spanning a ten-year period. A decrease in taxonomic diversity and an increase in unevenness of the fish assemblages were found in both the Daying River and Ruili rivers, which indicated that the impacts were accumulated gradually during this decade, when dams and the spread of non-native species were major threats. Comparatively speaking, the Dulong River is still in a near-natural state, and thus the fish community has experienced less disturbance. In situ conservation (nature reserves and tributary protection) and ex situ conservation (artificial propagation and release) should be combined and managed to promote fish conservation in the future.
机译：不完整的鱼类组合和物种多样性是鱼类保护的主要障碍，特别是当它们的水生生境由于人类快速变化而受到威胁时。根据田野资料和文献资料，对中国伊洛瓦底江上游三个支流（独龙河，大营河和瑞丽河）的鱼类组成和多样性进行了研究。新编成的鱼群记录了分布在伊洛瓦底江上游的85种（8个目，20个科和51属）。与独龙河相比，大营（67种，44属，19科，7阶）和瑞丽河（65种，44属，19族，8阶）的鱼类组成彼此更相似，且更具特异性。 （14种，10属，4科，3目）。分类学多样性的两个指标（平均分类学差异（Δ〜（+））和分类学差异的变化（Λ〜（+）））被用来区分整个十年的四个集合。大营河和瑞丽河的生物多样性都减少了，鱼群的不均匀性也增加了，这表明在这十年中，水坝和非本地物种的扩散是主要威胁，这种影响是逐渐积累的。 。相对而言，独龙江仍处于近乎自然的状态，因此鱼类群落受到的干扰较小。应当将原地保护（自然保护区和支流保护）和非原地保护（人工繁殖和释放）结合起来并加以管理，以促进今后的鱼类保护。

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