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Nanomedicine to Counter Syndemic Tuberculosis and HIV Infection: Current Knowledge and State of Art

机译：纳米药物可预防结核病和艾滋病毒感染：最新知识和最新技术

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This review examines, current knowledge, of the impact of the HIV-TB disease syndemic with an eye on its zoonotic impact and discusses the current knowledge and the potential of nanomedicine to improve intracellular disease therapy by offering properties such as targeting, sustained drug release, and drug delivery to the pathogen’s intracellular location. Besides the aim of this review is also to identify the gap between available medications and the need of the hour, drugs, to counter multi-drug resistance (mdr) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis. This review is the first of its kind to take into consideration the multifaceted angles ranging from recent drugs to novel nano molecules, from human to avian tuberculosis and from ideal characteristics of TB drug to where we stand now. Vaccine against tuberculosis is beyond the scope of this review. Key messages: There exists a major gap between the present state of art of drugs available to combat tuberculosis and the present multifaceted complications of the disease like Drug resistance, adverse drug reactions, etc. Drugs for tuberculosis failed to address the basic inherent problems like intracellular drug delivery etc. Thus requires new technology intervention. Transmissions from non human sources have been often overlooked. Complete eradication of TB is not possible in a piecemeal approach. Nanoparticles find various applications in biomedical and material science research due to the tuning-ability of their physicochemical properties such as shape, size, charge, surface group, etc. Nanoparticles might provide a cutting edge to counter MDR/XDR TB and its co infection with HIV by novel mechanism of action.
机译：这篇评论会通过对人畜共患病影响的眼光来检验当前对HIV-TB疾病综合症的影响，并讨论纳米药物通过提供靶向，持续药物释放等特性来改善细胞内疾病治疗的当前知识和潜力。以及将药物输送到病原体的细胞内位置。这项审查的目的还在于确定可用药物与小时所需药物之间的差距，以应对多重耐药性（mdr）和广泛耐药性（XDR）肺结核。这项审查是首次考虑到从新药到新型纳米分子，从人到禽结核，从结核病药物的理想特性到我们现在所处的位置的多角度。抗结核疫苗不在本综述范围内。关键信息：现有的抗结核药物与疾病的多方面并发症（例如耐药性，药物不良反应等）之间存在重大差距。结核病药物未能解决诸如细胞内的基本内在问题药物输送等。因此需要新技术干预。非人类来源的传播经常被忽视。零星的方式不可能彻底根除结核病。纳米颗粒由于其物理化学性质（如形状，大小，电荷，表面基团等）的可调节性而在生物医学和材料科学研究中有多种应用。纳米颗粒可能提供应对MDR / XDR TB及其与之共感染的前沿技术。艾滋病毒通过新的作用机制。

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