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首页> 外文期刊>Natural hazards and earth system sciences >Spatial impact and triggering conditions of the exceptional hydro-geomorphological event of December?1909 in Iberia
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Spatial impact and triggering conditions of the exceptional hydro-geomorphological event of December?1909 in Iberia

机译：1909年12月？伊比利亚异常水文地貌事件的空间影响和触发条件

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According to the DISASTER database the 20–28?December?1909 event was the hydro-geomorphologicevent with the highest number of flood and landslide cases thatoccurred in Portugal in the period 1865–2010 (Zêzere et al., 2014). This event also causedimportant social impacts over the Spanish territory, especially in the DouroBasin, having triggered the highest floods in more than 100?years at theriver's mouth in the city of Oporto.This work has a dual purpose: (i)?to characterize the spatial distributionand social impacts of the December?1909 hydro-geomorphologic DISASTER eventover Portugal and Spain; (ii)?to analyse the meteorological conditions thattriggered the event and the spatial distribution of the precipitation anomalies.Social impacts that occurred in Portugal were obtained from the Disaster database(Zêzere et al., 2014) whereas the datacollection for Spain was supported by the systematic analysis of Spanishdaily newspapers. In addition, the meteorological conditions that triggeredthe event are analysed using the 20th Century Reanalysis data set from NOAA andprecipitation data from Iberian meteorological stations.The Iberian Peninsula was spatially affected during this event along theSW-NE direction spanning from Lisbon, Santarém, Oporto, and Guarda (inPortugal), to Salamanca, Valladolid, Zamora, Orense, León, andPalencia (in Spain). In Iberia, 134?DISASTER cases were recorded (130?floodcases; 4?landslides cases) having caused 89?casualties (57?due to floods and32?due to landslides) and a further total of 3876?affected people, includingfatalities, injured, missing, evacuated, and homeless people.This event was associated with outstanding precipitation registered atGuarda (Portugal) on 22?December?1909 and unusual meteorologicalconditions characterized by the presence of a deep low-pressure systemlocated over the NW Iberian Peninsula with a stationary frontal system strikingthe western Iberian Peninsula. The presence of an upper-level jet (250?hPa)and low-level jet (900?hPa) located SW–NE oriented towards Iberiaalong with upper-level divergence and lower-level convergence favouredlarge-scale precipitation. Finally, associated with these features it ispossible to state that this extreme event was clearly associated with thepresence of an elongated Atmospheric River, crossing the entire northernAtlantic Basin and providing a continuous supply of moisture thatcontributed to enhance precipitation.This work contributes to a comprehensive and systematic synoptic evaluationof the second most deadly hydro-geomorphologic DISASTER event that has occurred inPortugal since 1865 and will help to better understand the meteorologicalsystem that was responsible for triggering the event.
机译：根据DISASTER数据库，1865年至2010年12月20日至28日的1909年12月28日是葡萄牙发生的水文-地貌事件，洪水和滑坡事件的发生率最高（Zêzere等，2014）。此事件还对整个西班牙领土造成了重要的社会影响，特别是在杜罗盆地（DouroBasin），在波尔图市的河口引发了超过100年的最高洪灾。 这项工作具有双重目的：（（ i）表征1909年12月在葡萄牙和西班牙发生的水文地貌灾害事件的空间分布和社会影响; （ii）分析引发该事件的气象条件和降水异常的空间分布。 葡萄牙发生的社会影响是从灾害数据库中获得的（Zêzere等人，2014），而数据收集西班牙对西班牙日报的系统分析为西班牙提供了支持。此外，还使用来自NOAA的20世纪再分析数据集和来自伊比利亚气象站的降水数据对引发该事件的气象条件进行了分析。 在此事件中，沿横跨里斯本的SW-NE方向，伊比利亚半岛在空间上受到了影响。 ，圣塔伦，波尔图和瓜达（在葡萄牙），再到萨拉曼卡，巴利亚多利德，萨莫拉，奥伦塞，莱昂和帕伦西亚（在西班牙）。在伊比利亚，记录了134例DISASTER案例（130例洪水; 4例滑坡），造成89人伤亡（57例因洪水和32例因滑坡），还有3876例受灾人员，包括死亡，受伤， 此事件与1909年12月22日至12月12日在葡萄牙瓜达（Guarda）记录的强降雨和异常的气象条件有关，异常的气象条件是西北伊比利亚西北部深低压系统的存在半岛具有固定的额叶系统，撞击伊比利亚西部半岛。 SW-NE的高空急流（250？hPa）和低空急流（900？hPa）的存在以伊比利亚隆为导向，高层发散和下层会聚有利于大规模降水。最后，与这些特征相关的是，有可能说出这种极端事件显然与拉长的大气河的存在有关，横穿整个北大西洋盆地并提供持续的水分供应，从而有助于增加降水。 这项工作有助于对自1865年以来在葡萄牙发生的第二大最致命的水文地貌灾害事件进行全面而系统的天气评估，这将有助于更好地了解引发该事件的气象系统。

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