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首页> 外文期刊>Nematropica >EMISIóN, PERCEPCIóN Y RESPUESTAS CONDUCTUALES DE LOS NEMATODOS ENTOMOPATóGENOS A SEMIOQUíMICOS
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EMISIóN, PERCEPCIóN Y RESPUESTAS CONDUCTUALES DE LOS NEMATODOS ENTOMOPATóGENOS A SEMIOQUíMICOS

机译：线虫内生毒素对半化学物质的排放，知觉和行为反应

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Reyes-Vidal, Y. and M. de la Torre. 2009. Emission, perception, and behavioral responses of entomopathogenic nematodes to semiochemicals. Nematropica 39:213-223. Entomopathogenic nematodes of Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae families are the most used for biological control of insect pests. Recognition of one member of a species by another member of the same species and recognition of the natural host, as well as the recognition of the specific symbiotic bacteria, are due to the capacity of nematodes to perceive, respond to, and emit chemical cues. Semiochemicals mediate interactions between organisms. Those emitted and affecting members of the same species are named pheromones, while the signals called allelochemicals are involved in interspecific interactions. The occurrence of both types of semiochemicals has been demonstrated in entomopathogenic nematodes, although alarm pheromones and apneumones (chemicals derived from a non-living source that benefit the receiver) have not yet been demonstrated. Even herbivore-damaged plants emit volatile organic compounds that attract nematodes. The physicochemical characteristics of the cues, as well as the nematodes responses, are associated with the ecology and behavior of the nematode species, i.e. with habitat, reproductive behavior, foraging strategies and pre- ferred penetration route of host, but also with the habitat and behavior of the host. Therefore, cues and emitted responses are quite diverse. Furthermore, the same chemical compound can elucidate positive and negative behaviors in different species. Unfortunately, only very few reports have an ecological holistic approach of the very complex system nematode-bacteria-host-plant-soil and the chemical nature of most cues is unknown, especially sexual pheromones. A better understanding of this complex system, the signals, and the nematode ecological behavior will help to enhance the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes in the field, as well as the process for mass production of these biological control agents in vivo and in vitro.
机译：Reyes-Vidal，Y。和M. de la Torre。 2009。昆虫病原线虫对化学信息素的排放，感知和行为响应。 Nematropica 39：213-223。 Heterorhabditidae和Steinernematidae家族的致病性线虫最常用于害虫的生物防治。一个物种的一个成员被同一物种的另一个成员识别以及对天然宿主的识别以及特定共生细菌的识别归因于线虫感知，响应和发出化学线索的能力。符号化学物质介导生物之间的相互作用。那些发出并影响相同物种的成员称为信息素，而称为化感物质的信号则参与种间相互作用。昆虫致病性线虫中已经证实了两种类型的化学信息素的出现，尽管尚未证明警报信息素和肺气肿（源自无生命来源的化学物质，对接收者有利）。甚至被食草动物破坏的植物也会散发出吸引线虫的挥发性有机化合物。线索的理化特性以及线虫的反应与线虫物种的生态和行为有关，即与栖息地，生殖行为，觅食策略和寄主的优选穿透途径有关，也与栖息地和主机的行为。因此，提示和发出的响应是多种多样的。此外，相同的化合物可以阐明不同物种的正面和负面行为。不幸的是，只有极少数的报道对线虫-细菌-宿主-植物-土壤这一非常复杂的系统进行了全面的生态学研究，大多数线索的化学性质是未知的，尤其是性信息素。对该复杂系统，信号和线虫生态行为的更好理解将有助于增强昆虫病原线虫在该领域的功效，以及在体内和体外大规模生产这些生物防治剂的过程。

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