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Quantifying the changes of soil surface microroughness due to rainfall impact on a smooth surface

机译：量化由于降雨对光滑表面的影响而引起的土壤表面微观粗糙度的变化

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This study examines the rainfall-induced change in soil microroughness of a bare smooth soil surface in an agricultural field. The majority of soil microroughness studies have focused on surface roughness on the order of ～ 5–50?mm and have reported a decay of soil surface roughness with rainfall. However, there is quantitative evidence from a few studies suggesting that surfaces with microroughness less than 5?mm may undergo an increase in roughness when subject to rainfall action. The focus herein is on initial microroughness length scales on the order of 2?mm, a low roughness condition observed seasonally in some landscapes under bare conditions and chosen to systematically examine the increasing roughness phenomenon. Three rainfall intensities of?30, 60,?and 75?mm?hsup?1/sup are applied to a smoothened bed surface in a field plot via a rainfall simulator. Soil surface microroughness is recorded via a surface-profile laser scanner. Several indices are utilized to quantify the soil surface microroughness, namely the random roughness?(RR) index, the crossover length, the variance scale from the Markov–Gaussian model, and the limiting difference. Findings show a consistent increase in roughness under the action of rainfall, with an overall agreement between all indices in terms of trend and magnitude. Although this study is limited to a narrow range of rainfall and soil conditions, the results suggest that the outcome of the interaction between rainfall and a soil surface can be different for smooth and rough surfaces and thus warrant the need for a better understanding of this interaction.
机译：这项研究调查了降雨引起的农田裸露的光滑土壤表面的微观粗糙度的变化。大多数土壤微粗糙度研究都集中在约5至50？mm的表面粗糙度上，并报告了降雨引起的土壤表面粗糙度的衰减。然而，一些研究的定量证据表明，微粗糙度小于5？mm的表面在受到降雨作用时可能会发生粗糙度增加。本文的重点是初始微粗糙度长度尺度为2？mm左右，这是在某些自然条件下在季节性条件下季节性观察到的低粗糙度条件，并选择用来系统地检查不断增加的粗糙度现象。通过降雨模拟器将30、60和75mmh·h ？1 的三种降雨强度应用于平整的床表面。通过表面轮廓激光扫描仪记录土壤表面的微粗糙度。利用几个指标来量化土壤表面的微观粗糙度，即随机粗糙度（RR）指数，交叉长度，来自Markov-Gaussian模型的方差标度和极限差。研究结果表明，在降雨的作用下，粗糙度会持续增加，并且所有指数之间的趋势和幅度总体一致。尽管这项研究仅限于狭窄的降雨和土壤条件，但结果表明，降雨和土壤表面相互作用的结果对于光滑和粗糙的表面可能会有所不同，因此需要更好地了解这种相互作用。

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