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Gearing up chromatin

机译：加速染色质

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During transcription, RNA polymerase may encounter DNA lesions, which causes stalling of transcription. To overcome the RNA polymerase blocking lesions, the transcribed strand is repaired by a dedicated repair mechanism, called transcription coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER). After repair is completed, it is essential that transcription restarts. So far, the regulation and exact molecular mechanism of this transcriptional restart upon genotoxic damage has remained elusive. Recently, three different chromatin remodeling factors, HIRA, FACT, and Dot1L, were identified to stimulate transcription restart after DNA damage. These factors either incorporate new histones or establish specific chromatin marks that will gear up the chromatin to subsequently promote transcription recovery. This adds a new layer to the current model of chromatin remodeling necessary for repair and indicates that this specific form of transcription, i.e., the transcriptional restart upon DNA damage, needs specific chromatin remodeling events.
机译：在转录过程中，RNA聚合酶可能会遇到DNA损伤，从而导致转录停滞。为了克服RNA聚合酶阻断性病变，通过称为转录偶联核苷酸切除修复（TC-NER）的专用修复机制修复了转录的链。修复完成后，必须重新开始转录。迄今为止，遗传毒性损伤后这种转录重新启动的调控和确切的分子机制仍然难以捉摸。最近，鉴定了三种不同的染色质重塑因子，HIRA，FACT和Dot1L，可刺激DNA损伤后重新开始转录。这些因素要么包含新的组蛋白，要么建立特定的染色质标记，这些标记将增强染色质的功能，从而促进转录恢复。这为修复所必需的染色质重塑模型增加了新的一层，并表明这种特定形式的转录，即DNA损伤后的转录重新启动，需要特定的染色质重塑事件。

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