Abstract：Infants and young children undergoing are required to take fasting and water deprivation before surgical treatment, in order to prevent aspiration resulting from esophageal reflux. The fasting and water deprivation before anesthesia can also help to prevent asphyxia by mechanical disruption or obstruction from vomitus. However, the relatively long duration of preoperative fasting and water deprivation time may lead to dehydration and hypoglycemia in pediatric patients, also reducing the operation tolerance and damaging the postoperative rehabilitation. This study summarized the potential reasons of long duration of preoperative fasting and water deprivation time, and to review the study on feasibility of shortening preoperative fasting and water deprivation time.
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