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Probabilistic safety assessment-based importance analysis of cyber-attacks on nuclear power plants

机译：基于概率安全评估的核电厂网络攻击重要性分析

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摘要

With the application of digital technology to safety-critical infrastructures, cyber-attacks have emerged as one of the new dangerous threats. In safety-critical infrastructures such as a nuclear power plant (NPP), a cyber-attack could have serious consequences by initiating dangerous events or rendering important safety systems unavailable. Since a cyber-attack is conducted intentionally, numerous possible cases should be considered for developing a cyber security system, such as the attack paths, methods, and potential target systems. Therefore, prior to developing a risk-informed cyber security strategy, the importance of cyber-attacks and significant critical digital assets (CDAs) should be analyzed. In this work, an importance analysis method for cyber-attacks on an NPP was proposed using the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) method. To develop an importance analysis framework for cyber-attacks, possible cyber-attacks were identified with failure modes, and a PSA model for cyber-attacks was developed. For case studies, the quantitative evaluations of cyber-attack scenarios were performed using the proposed method. By using quantitative importance of cyber-attacks and identifying significant CDAs that must be defended against cyber-attacks, it is possible to develop an efficient and reliable defense strategy against cyber-attacks on NPPs.
机译：随着数字技术在安全关键型基础设施中的应用，网络攻击已成为一种新的危险威胁。在诸如核电站（NPP）等对安全至关重要的基础设施中，网络攻击可能会引发危险事件或使重要的安全系统不可用，从而造成严重后果。由于网络攻击是有意进行的，因此应考虑开发网络安全系统的多种可能情况，例如攻击路径，方法和潜在的目标系统。因此，在制定风险相关的网络安全策略之前，应分析网络攻击和重要的关键数字资产（CDA）的重要性。在这项工作中，提出了一种使用概率安全评估（PSA）方法对NPP进行网络攻击的重要性分析方法。为了开发用于网络攻击的重要性分析框架，使用故障模式识别可能的网络攻击，并开发用于网络攻击的PSA模型。对于案例研究，使用建议的方法对网络攻击情景进行了定量评估。通过利用网络攻击的定量重要性并确定必须防御网络攻击的重要CDA，有可能制定一种有效而可靠的防御策略来防御NPP上的网络攻击。

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