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Concern noted: a descriptive study of editorial expressions of concern in PubMed and PubMed Central

机译：关注点：对PubMed和PubMed Central中关注的编辑表达的描述性研究

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BackgroundAn editorial expression of concern (EEoC) is issued by editors or publishers to draw attention to potential problems in a publication, without itself constituting a retraction or correction.MethodsWe searched PubMed, PubMed Central (PMC), and Google Scholar to identify EEoCs issued for publications in PubMed and PMC up to 22 August 2016. We also searched the archives of the Retraction Watch blog, some journal and publisher websites, and studies of EEoCs. In addition, we searched for retractions of EEoCs and affected articles in PubMed up to 8 December 2016. We analyzed overall historical trends, as well as reported reasons and subsequent editorial actions related to EEoCs issued between August 2014 and August 2016.ResultsAfter screening 5076 records, we identified 230 EEoCs that affect 300 publications indexed in PubMed, the earliest issued in 1985. Half of the primary EEoCs were issued between 2014 and 2016 (52%). We found evidence of some EEoCs that had been removed by the publisher without leaving a record, and some were not submitted for PubMed or PMC indexing. A minority of publications affected by EEoCs had been retracted by early December 2016 (25%). For the subset of 92 EEoCs issued between August 2014 and August 2016, affecting 99 publications, the rate of retraction was similar (29%). The majority of EEoCs were issued because of concerns with validity of data, methods, or interpretation of the publication (68%), and 31% of cases remained open. Issues with images were raised in 40% of affected publications. Ongoing monitoring after the study identified another 17 EEoCs to year’s end in 2016, increasing the number of EEoCs to 247 and publications in PubMed known to be affected by EEoCs to 320 at the end of 2016.ConclusionsEEoCs have been rare publishing events in the biomedical literature, but their use has been increasing. Most have not led to retractions, and many remain unresolved. Lack of prominence and inconsistencies in management of EEoCs reduce the ability of these notices to alert the scientific community to potentially serious problems in publications. EEoCs will be made identifiable in PubMed in 2017.
机译：背景技术编辑或发布者发布了关注的编辑表达（EEoC），以引起人们对出版物中潜在问题的关注，而其本身并不构成撤消或纠正。方法我们搜索了PubMed，PubMed Central（PMC）和Google Scholar以识别针对其发布的EEoC截止到2016年8月22日在PubMed和PMC上的出版物。我们还搜索了Retraction Watch博客的档案，一些期刊和出版商网站以及EEoC的研究。此外，我们还搜索了截至2016年12月8日的EEoC和受影响文章的撤回情况。我们分析了总体历史趋势以及2014年8月至2016年8月之间发布的与EEoC相关的报道原因和随后的编辑行动。结果筛选了5076条记录后，我们确定了230个EEoC，这些EEoC影响了1985年发布的最早在PubMed中建立索引的300种出版物。一半的主要EEoC在2014年至2016年之间发布（占52％）。我们找到了一些EEoC的证据，这些EEoC已被发布者删除而没有留下任何记录，还有一些没有提交给PubMed或PMC索引。受EEoC影响的少数出版物在2016年12月上旬已撤回（25％）。对于2014年8月至2016年8月发布的92份EEoC的子集，影响了99份出版物，撤稿率相似（29％）。大多数EEoC的发布是出于对数据，方法或出版物解释的有效性的担忧（68％），还有31％的案件仍在审理中。在40％的受影响出版物中，出现了图像问题。该研究在2016年年底之前确定了另外17种EEoC，并进行了持续监测，使EEoC的数量增加到247项，而已知受EEoC影响的PubMed中的出版物在2016年底增加到320项。 ，但是它们的使用一直在增加。大多数都没有导致撤军，许多仍未解决。 EEoC的缺乏突出性和不一致之处降低了这些通知的能力，从而可以提醒科学界注意出版物中可能存在的严重问题。 EEoC将在2017年在PubMed中被识别出来。

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