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Extraction of green absolute from thyme using ultrasound and sunflower oil

机译：超声和葵花籽油从百里香中提取绿色绝对

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Absolute is the plant aroma isolate mostly used in the food and fragrance sectors. The use of organic solvents constitutes the most commonly used method for obtaining this aroma. However, this technique may leave trace amounts of solvents which are considered undesirable for these industries. In this work, a new green extraction approach was implemented using ultrasound (US) with sunflower oil (SO) as a natural solvent to produce green absolute from thyme ( Thymus vulgaris ). US optimal conditions for absolute yield were investigated using response surface methodology (RSM) and compared to conventional SO (SO-CV) and hexane (Hex-CV) extractions. The absolutes were analyzed by GC–MS for their chemical composition and tested for their antioxidant activities (total phenols, DPPH and frying test).Optimized conditions obtained by RSM for absolute yield were T?=?50?°C, t?=?22?min, P?=?98 W. The US using SO as solvent offers important advantages: shorter extraction time, increase of 47% in absolute yield compared to SO-CV extraction. Although the absolute obtained by hexane extraction provided improved yield (8.64?g/100?g DW), it contained around 75% of waxy materials. GC–MS analysis showed no remarkable variation of the chemical composition of the absolutes compared to those obtained by hexane extraction. Moreover, the US extraction allowed the highest recovery of monoterpene phenols thymol and carvacrol (86.2%). The absolute obtained by SO-US was free from waxes and organic solvent residues and exerted the highest antioxidant activity. Results show that ultrasound extraction using SO is a good alternative. It suggests the possibility of the production of green absolutes on pilot and industrial scale.
机译：绝对是植物的芳香隔离剂，主要用于食品和香料领域。使用有机溶剂是获得这种香气的最常用方法。但是，该技术可能会留下痕量的溶剂，这对于这些行业来说是不希望的。在这项工作中，使用超声波（美国）以葵花籽油（SO）作为天然溶剂实施了一种新的绿色提取方法，以从百里香（百里香）中提取绿色绝对物质。使用响应面方法（RSM）研究了美国绝对收率的最佳条件，并将其与常规SO（SO-CV）和己烷（Hex-CV）提取进行了比较。通过GC-MS分析绝对值的化学成分，并测试其抗氧化活性（总酚，DPPH和油炸试验）。通过RSM获得的绝对产率的最佳条件为T？=？50？C，t？=?。 22？min，P？=？98W。美国使用SO作为溶剂具有重要优势：萃取时间短，与SO-CV萃取相比，绝对产率提高了47％。尽管通过己烷萃取获得的绝对值提供了更高的收率（8.64？g / 100？g DW），但其中含有约75％的蜡状物质。 GC-MS分析显示，与通过己烷萃取得到的绝对值相比，绝对化学组成没有明显变化。此外，美国的提取可以使单萜酚百里酚和香芹酚的回收率最高（86.2％）。 SO-US所获得的绝对值不含蜡和有机溶剂残留，发挥了最高的抗氧化活性。结果表明，使用SO进行超声提取是一个很好的选择。它暗示了在试点和工业规模上生产绿色绝对值的可能性。

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