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Cytokines in Autoimmune Liver Diseases

机译:自身免疫性肝病中的细胞因子

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Constitutive production of cytokines is absent or minimal in the normal liver but, in response to various types of injury, hepatocyte and cholangiocyte damage causes the local recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages that produce cytokines and chemokines and the former mediate the inflammatory response that leads to the regeneration of the liver tissue and ultimately, to the deposition of extracellular matrix by activated stellate cells. Cytokine production can have both beneficial and harmful effects, depending on the amount and duration of cytokine release. Within the spectrum of chronic liver diseases, cytokines play a pivotal role in the loss of immune tolerance characterizing chronic autoimmune hepatitis and primary biliary cirrhosis. This study will provide a general overview on cytokines and focus on their role in initiating and driving the inflammatory infiltrate in autoimmune liver diseases. A better understanding of this process might allow therapeutic interventions to switch off the peculiar inflammatory response which occurs in these conditions before irreversible damage occurs.
机译:正常肝脏中不存在或很少产生细胞因子的组成性产生,但是,响应于各种类型的损伤,肝细胞和胆管细胞的损害会引起嗜中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞的局部募集,从而产生细胞因子和趋化因子,而前者介导导致炎症反应的炎症反应。肝组织的再生,最终被活化的星状细胞沉积到细胞外基质中。细胞因子的产生可能具有有益和有害的作用,这取决于细胞因子释放的数量和持续时间。在慢性肝病的范围内,细胞因子在免疫耐受丧失中起着关键作用,这种免疫耐受是慢性自身免疫性肝炎和原发性胆汁性肝硬化的特征。这项研究将提供有关细胞因子的一般概述,并将重点放在细胞因子在自身免疫性肝病中引发和驱动炎性浸润中的作用。对这一过程的更好理解可能会允许治疗性干预来关闭在这些情况下发生的特殊炎症反应,然后再发生不可逆转的损害。

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