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首页> 外文期刊>Remote Sensing >Characterization of Electromagnetic Properties of In Situ Soils for the Design of Landmine Detection Sensors: Application in Donbass, Ukraine
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Characterization of Electromagnetic Properties of In Situ Soils for the Design of Landmine Detection Sensors: Application in Donbass, Ukraine

机译：用于地雷探测传感器设计的原位土壤电磁特性表征：在乌克兰顿巴斯的应用

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To design holographic and impulse ground penetrating radar (GPR) sensors suitable for humanitarian de-mining in the Donbass (Ukraine) conflict zone, we measured critical electromagnetic parameters of typical local soils using simple methods that could be adapted to any geologic setting. Measurements were recorded along six profiles, each crossing at least two mapped soil types. The parameters selected to evaluate GPR and metal detector sensor performance were magnetic permeability, electrical conductivity, and dielectric permittivity. Magnetic permeability measurements indicated that local soils would be conducive to metal detector performance. Electrical conductivity measurements indicated that local soils would be medium to high loss materials for GPR. Calculation of the expected attenuation as a function of signal frequency suggested that 1 GHz may have optimized the trade-off between resolution and penetration and matched the impulse GPR system power budget. Dielectric permittivity was measured using both time domain reflectometry and impulse GPR. For the latter, a calibration procedure based on an in-situ measurement of reflection coefficient was proposed and the data were analyzed to show that soil conditions were suitable for the reliable use of impulse GPR. A distinct difference between the results of these two suggested a dry (low dielectric) soil surface, grading downward into more moist (higher dielectric) soils. This gradation may provide a matching layer to reduce ground surface reflections that often obscure shallow subsurface targets. In addition, the relatively high dielectric deeper (10 cm–20 cm) subsurface soils should provide a strong contrast with plastic-cased mines.
机译：为了设计适合在顿巴斯（乌克兰）冲突地区进行人道主义排雷的全息和脉冲地面穿透雷达（GPR）传感器，我们使用简单的方法测量了典型当地土壤的关键电磁参数，该方法可以适应任何地质环境。沿六个剖面记录测量值，每个剖面至少与两种映射的土壤类型交叉。选择用来评估GPR和金属探测器传感器性能的参数是磁导率，电导率和介电常数。磁导率测量表明，局部土壤将有利于金属探测器的性能。电导率测量表明，当地土壤将是GPR的中至高损耗材料。计算作为信号频率函数的预期衰减表明1 GHz可能已优化了分辨率和穿透力之间的权衡，并与脉冲GPR系统功率预算相匹配。使用时域反射仪和脉冲GPR来测量介电常数。对于后者，提出了基于原位反射系数测量的校准程序，并对数据进行了分析，结果表明土壤条件适合脉冲GPR的可靠使用。这两个结果之间的明显区别表明土壤表面干燥（低介电），逐渐降低为潮湿（较高介电）的土壤。该渐变可以提供匹配层，以减少经常使浅层地下目标模糊的地面反射。此外，相对较高的电介质深度（10 cm–20 cm）的地下土壤应该与塑料套管的地雷形成强烈的对比。

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