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The Effects of Spatiotemporal Changes in Land Degradation on Ecosystem Services Values in Sanjiang Plain, China

机译：三江平原土地退化时空变化对生态系统服务价值的影响

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Sanjiang Plain has undergone dramatic land degradation since the 1950s, which has caused negative effects on ecosystems services and sustainability. In this study, we used trajectory analysis as well as the Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and relative land use suitability index (R) to analyze spatiotemporal changes of land degradation from 1954 to 2013 and to make a preliminary estimation of the role of human activities in observed environmental changes using a five-stage LULC data. This study also explored the effect of land degradation on the values and structure of ecosystem services. Our results indicated that more than 70% of marsh area originally present in the study area has been lost, whereas less than 30% was preserved. Dry farmland and paddy increased rapidly at the expense of marsh, forest and grassland. Land use structure became more unsuitable during the past 60 years. Compared with natural factors, human activities played a dominant role (89.67%) in these changes. This dramatic land degradation caused the significant loss of ecosystem services values and the changes in the structure of ecosystem services. These results confirmed the effectiveness of combining temporal trajectory analysis, the Lorenz curve/Gini coefficient and the R index in analyzing spatiotemporal changes in progressive land degradation. Also, these findings highlight the necessity of separating dry farmland from paddy when studying land degradation changes and the effects on ecosystem services in regions where dry farmland has often been converted to paddy.
机译：自1950年代以来，三江平原发生了严重的土地退化，这对生态系统服务和可持续性产生了负面影响。在这项研究中，我们使用轨迹分析以及Lorenz曲线，基尼系数和相对土地利用适宜性指数（R）分析了1954年至2013年土地退化的时空变化，并初步估算了人类活动在使用五阶段LULC数据观察到的环境变化。这项研究还探讨了土地退化对生态系统服务价值和结构的影响。我们的结果表明，最初存在于研究区域的沼泽地超过70％已丢失，而保留的不到30％。旱地和稻田迅速增加，但沼泽，森林和草地却受到了损害。在过去的60年中，土地使用结构变得越来越不合适。与自然因素相比，人类活动在这些变化中起着主导作用（89.67％）。土地的急剧退化导致生态系统服务价值的重大损失以及生态系统服务结构的变化。这些结果证实了结合时间轨迹分析，Lorenz曲线/基尼系数和R指数来分析土地进行性退化时空变化的有效性。同样，这些发现也凸显了在研究土地退化变化时必须将旱地与水田分开的必要性，以及在旱地经常被转化为水田的地区对生态系统服务的影响。

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