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Evaluation of Recently Released Open Global Digital Elevation Models of Hubei, China

机译：中国湖北最近发布的开放全球数字高程模型的评估

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The recent release of worldwide SRTM 1 DEM and AW3D30 adds new members to the open global medium resolution (90–30 m ground spacing) digital elevation models. Together with the previously existing SRTM 3 and ASTER GDEM, their quality is of great interest to various scientific applications. This paper uses 1:50,000 DEM in Hubei Province of China as a reference to assess their vertical accuracy in terms of terrain types, slopes, and land cover. For ASTER GDEM and AW3D30, we further evaluate their accuracy in terms of the stack number, i.e., the number of scenes used to generate the DEM. It is found out that: (1) all of the DEMs have nearly the same horizontal offset due to the adoption of different datums; (2) the vertical accuracy varies in terms of terrain complexity, from ~5 m for plains, ~10 m for hills to ~20 m for mountains; (3) the vertical accuracy is negatively related to the tangent of terrain slope exponentially in forest areas and linearly in cultivated lands; (4) forest areas have the lowest vertical accuracy, comparing to built-up areas, wetland, and cultivate land areas while SRTM 1 and AW3D30 have the highest accuracy in all land cover classes; (5) the large elevation differences over forest areas are likely due to canopy coverage; and (6) for ASTER GDEM and AW3D30, their accuracy is in general positively related to the stack number. This study provides a practically useful quality specification and comprehensive understanding for these four global DEMs, especially the recently released worldwide SRTM 1 DEM and AW3D30.
机译：最近发布的全球SRTM 1 DEM和AW3D30为开放的全球中等分辨率（地面间距90–30 m）数字高程模型增加了新成员。与以前存在的SRTM 3和ASTER GDEM一起，它们的质量引起了各种科学应用的极大兴趣。本文以中国湖北省的1：50,000 DEM为参考，从地形类型，坡度和土地覆盖率方面评估其垂直精度。对于ASTER GDEM和AW3D30，我们将根据堆栈数（即用于生成DEM的场景数）进一步评估其准确性。发现：（1）由于采用了不同的基准，所有DEM的水平偏移几乎相同; （2）垂直精度随地形复杂度的不同而变化，从平原的〜5 m，小山的〜10 m到山脉的〜20 m; （3）垂直精度与林区地形坡度的切线呈负相关，与耕地线性相关; （4）与建成区，湿地和耕地相比，森林地区的垂直精度最低，而SRTM 1和AW3D30在所有土地覆盖类别中的垂直精度最高; （5）林冠高度差异可能是由于树冠覆盖所致; （6）对于ASTER GDEM和AW3D30，它们的精度通常与堆数成正比。这项研究为这四个全球DEM，特别是最近发布的全球SRTM 1 DEM和AW3D30，提供了实用的质量规格和全面的了解。

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