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Ionospheric Reconstructions Using Faraday Rotation in Spaceborne Polarimetric SAR Data

机译:星载极化SAR数据中使用法拉第旋转的电离层重建

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It is well known that the Faraday rotation (FR) is obviously embedded in spaceborne polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) data at L-band and lower frequencies. By model inversion, some widely used FR angle estimators have been proposed for compensation and provide a new field in high-resolution ionospheric soundings. However, as an integrated product of electron density and the parallel component of the magnetic field, FR angle measurements/observations demonstrate the ability to characterize horizontal ionosphere. In order to make a general study of ionospheric structure, this paper reconstructs the electron density distribution based on a modified two-dimensional computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique, where the FR angles, rather than the total electron content (TEC), are regarded as the input. By using the full-pol (full polarimetric) data of Phase Array L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) on board Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS), International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) and International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) models, numerical simulations corresponding to different FR estimators and SAR scenes are made to validate the proposed technique. In simulations, the imaging of kilometer-scale ionospheric disturbances, a spatial scale that is rarely detectable by CIT using GPS, is presented. In addition, the ionospheric reconstruction using SAR polarimetric information does not require strong point targets within a SAR scene, which is necessary for CIT using SAR imaging information. Finally, the effects of system errors including noise, channel imbalance and crosstalk on the reconstruction results are also analyzed to show the applicability of CIT based on spaceborne full-pol SAR data.
机译:众所周知,法拉第旋转(FR)明显嵌入在L波段和较低频率的星载极化合成孔径雷达(PolSAR)数据中。通过模型反演,已经提出了一些广泛使用的FR角估计器进行补偿,并为高分辨率电离层探测提供了一个新领域。然而,作为电子密度和磁场平行分量的综合产物,FR角测量/观测证明了表征水平电离层的能力。为了对电离层结构进行一般性研究,本文基于改进的二维计算机电离层层析成像(CIT)技术重建电子密度分布,其中考虑了FR角而不是总电子含量(TEC)作为输入。通过使用高级陆地观测卫星(ALOS),国际参考电离层(IRI)和国际地磁参考场(IGRF)模型上的相控阵L带合成孔径雷达(PALSAR)的全极化(全极化)数据,数值进行了与不同FR估计量和SAR场景相对应的仿真,以验证所提出的技术。在模拟中,提出了千米级电离层扰动的成像,这是CIT使用GPS很少能检测到的空间尺度。此外,使用SAR极化信息的电离层重建不需要SAR场景内的强目标,这对于使用SAR成像信息的CIT来说是必需的。最后,还分析了噪声,信道不平衡和串扰等系统误差对重建结果的影响,表明了基于星载全极化SAR数据的CIT的适用性。

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