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首页> 外文期刊>Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura >Ganhos de eficiência fertilizante em bananeira sob irriga??o e fertirriga??o
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Ganhos de eficiência fertilizante em bananeira sob irriga??o e fertirriga??o

机译：灌溉和施肥条件下香蕉肥料效率的提高

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The best nutritional practices aim to increase nutrient use efficiency in order to reduce production costs and environmental impacts. In order to evaluate nitrogen and potassium use efficiency in banana crops, two field experiments were carried out during four cycles of production. The experiments were cropped with Giant Cavendish banana (Musa AAA, Cavendish subgroup) in Planalto Region of State of Sao Paulo (Brazil). This region is characterized by a summer rainy season and dry winter. In the first experiment, the efficiency of the rates of N (0, 200, 400 and 800 kg ha-1) and K (0, 300, 600 and 900 kg ha-1 of K2O) were compared in banana grown in irrigated and non-irrigated plots. In the second experiment, was compared N and K fertilizer efficiency applied through fertigation and conventional solid fertilization. In both experiments, irrigation and fertigation were made by micro-sprinkler and employed ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride as a source of N and K, respectively. The fertilizer efficiency was estimated by the ratio of the mass of fruit produced per unit of applied nutrient. The results of polled harvest have shown that irrigation increased the nutrient use efficiency compared to non-irrigated, for the averaged nutrient rates, close to 36 % and 32 % for N and K, respectively. Fertigation promoted an increase of 36 % in nutrient use efficiency compared to conventional fertilization, for either nitrogen or potassium. Increases in nutrient use efficiency contributed to reduce fertilization costs.
机译：最佳营养做法旨在提高养分利用效率，以降低生产成本和环境影响。为了评估香蕉作物中氮和钾的利用效率，在四个生产周期中进行了两个田间试验。实验用巴西圣保罗州普莱纳尔托州的巨型卡文迪许香蕉（Musa AAA，卡文迪许亚组）种植。该地区的特点是夏季雨季和冬季干燥。在第一个实验中，比较了在灌溉和灌溉条件下种植的香蕉中N（0、200、400和800 kg ha-1）和K（0、300、600和900 kg ha-1 K2O）的效率。非灌溉地块。在第二个实验中，比较了通过施肥和常规固体施肥施氮肥和钾肥的效率。在两个实验中，灌溉和施肥都是通过微喷头进行的，分别使用硝酸铵和氯化钾作为氮和钾的来源。通过单位施用的养分中所产水果的质量比来估算肥料的利用率。轮询收获的结果表明，与非灌溉相比，灌溉提高了养分的利用率，平均养分利用率分别为N和K分别接近36％和32％。施肥与常规施肥相比，氮或钾肥的养分利用率提高了36％。养分利用效率的提高有助于降低施肥成本。

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