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首页> 外文期刊>Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura >Microclima e produ??o de videiras 'Niágara rosada' em cultivo organico sob cobertura plástica
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Microclima e produ??o de videiras 'Niágara rosada' em cultivo organico sob cobertura plástica

机译：塑料覆盖下有机耕作的“粉红色尼亚加拉”藤蔓的小气候和生产

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摘要

The use of plastic covering on vineyards has increased in Southern Brazil, allowing mitigating climate limitations. This study aimed to quantify micrometeorological alterations caused by plastic covering over grapevines 'Niagara Rosada', and the effects on plant growth and grapes production in organic cultivation. A field experiment was conducted in Bento Gon?alves, state of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil), in a vineyard conducted in pergola system, under two conditions: in open sky and covered with a transparent plastic film (160μm) in discontinuous arcs. The photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and air temperature were monitored in both environments. The crop phenology, leaf area index (LAI), the weight, diameter, sugar concentration and acidity of grapes, the incidence of fungal diseases, and yield were determined. The plastic covering reduced the incoming PAR in about 34% and increased the maximum air temperature (+3.1 oC). It accelerated the plant phenology until ripening, but delayed the leaf senescence. LAI and leaf area duration have also increased, while fungal diseases did not occur on covered plants. Grape yields were 12.3 and 27.1 t ha-1 for the uncovered and covered vineyards, respectively. Therefore, the plastic covering may be an important alternative for producing table grapes in organic systems, in Southern Brazil.
机译：巴西南部在葡萄园上使用塑料覆盖物的情况有所增加，从而减轻了气候限制。这项研究旨在量化由塑料覆盖在“ Niagara Rosada”葡萄上引起的微气象变化，以及对有机种植中植物生长和葡萄产量的影响。在南里奥格兰德州（巴西）的本图·贡萨尔维斯（Bento Gon？alves），在凉棚系统中进行的葡萄园中，在以下两种条件下进行了田间试验：在露天条件下，并以不连续弧形覆盖透明塑料薄膜（160μm）。在两种环境中都监测了光合有效辐射（PAR）和空气温度。确定了作物的物候，叶面积指数（LAI），葡萄的重量，直径，糖浓度和酸度，真菌病的发病率和产量。塑料覆盖物将进入的PAR降低了约34％，并提高了最高空气温度（+3.1 oC）。它加速了植物物候直到成熟，但延迟了叶片的衰老。 LAI和叶面积持续时间也增加了，而被覆植物上并未发生真菌病害。裸露的和覆盖的葡萄园的葡萄产量分别为12.3和27.1 t ha-1。因此，在巴西南部，塑料覆盖物可能是在有机系统中生产鲜食葡萄的重要替代品。

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