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首页> 外文期刊>Reviews of Reproduction >Incubation history prior to the canonical thermosensitive period determines sex in the American alligator
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Incubation history prior to the canonical thermosensitive period determines sex in the American alligator

机译：规范性热敏期之前的孵化历史决定了美洲短吻鳄的性别

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Despite the widespread occurrence of environmental sex determination (ESD) among vertebrates, our knowledge of the temporal dynamics by which environmental factors act on this process remains limited. In many reptiles, incubation temperature determines sex during a discrete developmental window just prior to and coincident with the differentiation of the gonads. Yet, there is substantial variation in sex ratios among different clutches of eggs incubated at identical temperatures during this period. Here, we test the hypothesis that temperatures experienced prior to the reported thermosensitive period for alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) can impact how the sex determination system responds to thermal cues later in development. Temperature shift experiments on eggs collected from the field within 24?h of oviposition were employed to decouple various maternal influences from thermal effects, and results demonstrate a previously undefined window of thermosensitivity occurring by stage 15 of embryonic development, six stages earlier than previously reported. We also examine the intrasexual expression of several male- and female-biased genes and show that while male-biased genes display no intrasexual differences, ovarian CYP19A1 (aromatase) transcript abundance differs by approximately twofold depending on thermal exposures experienced at early stages of embryonic development. These findings expand our understanding of the ESD in the alligator and provide the rationale for reevaluation of the temporal dynamics of sex determination in other crocodilians.
机译：尽管在脊椎动物中广泛存在环境性别决定（ESD），但我们对环境因素作用于该过程的时间动态的认识仍然有限。在许多爬行动物中，温育温度决定性腺分化之前和之后的离散发育窗口内的性别。然而，在此期间，在相同温度下孵化的不同卵卵之间的性别比存在很大差异。在这里，我们测试了这样一个假设：在所报告的短吻鳄热敏期之前经历的温度可能会影响性别确定系统在开发后期如何响应热线索。在产卵后24小时内对从田间采集的卵进行温度变化实验，以将各种母体影响与热效应脱钩，结果表明，在胚胎发育的第15阶段出现了以前不确定的热敏性窗口，比以前报道的早了6个阶段。我们还检查了几种男性和女性偏向基因的性表达，并显示，尽管男性偏向的基因没有性别差异，但卵巢CYP19A1（芳香酶）转录本的丰度差异大约是胚胎发育早期所经历的热暴露的两倍。 。这些发现扩大了我们对鳄鱼中ESD的理解，并为重新评估其他鳄鱼中性别决定的时间动态提供了理论依据。

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