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首页> 外文期刊>Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria >Lifetime Prevalence, age and gender distribution and age-of-onset of psychiatric disorders in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil: results from the S?o Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey
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Lifetime Prevalence, age and gender distribution and age-of-onset of psychiatric disorders in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil: results from the S?o Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey

机译：巴西圣保罗大城市地区的终生患病率，年龄和性别分布以及精神疾病的发病年龄：圣保罗大城市心理健康调查的结果

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OBJECTIVES: To estimate prevalence, age-of-onset, gender distribution and identify correlates of lifetime psychiatric disorders in the S?o Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA). METHODS: The S?o Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey assessed psychiatric disorders on a probabilistic sample of 5,037 adult residents in the SPMA, using the World Mental Health Survey Version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Response rate was 81.3%. RESULTS: Lifetime prevalence for any disorder was 44.8%; estimated risk at age 75 was 57.7%; comorbidity was frequent. Major depression, specific phobias and alcohol abuse were the most prevalent across disorders; anxiety disorders were the most frequent class. Early age-of-onset for phobic and impulse-control disorders and later age-of-onset for mood disorders were observed. Women were more likely to have anxiety and mood disorders, whereas men, substance use disorders. Apart from conduct disorders, more frequent in men, there were no gender differences in impulse-control disorders. There was a consistent trend of higher prevalence in the youngest cohorts. Low education level was associated to substance use disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric disorders are highly prevalent among the general adult population in the SPMA, with frequent comorbidity, early age-of-onset for most disorders, and younger cohorts presenting higher rates of morbidity. Such scenario calls for vigorous public health action.
机译：目的：评估圣保罗大都会区（SPMA）的患病率，发病年龄，性别分布并确定终生精神疾病的相关性。方法：圣保罗超级城市心理健康调查使用综合国际诊断面试的世界心理健康调查版本，对SPMA的5,037名成人居民的概率样本进行了精神疾病评估。回应率为81.3％。结果：任何疾病的终生患病率为44.8％; 75岁时的估计风险为57.7％;合并症很常见。重度抑郁，特定的恐惧症和酗酒在各种疾病中最为普遍;焦虑症是最常见的一类。恐惧和冲动控制障碍的发病年龄较早，情绪障碍的发病年龄较晚。女性更有可能患有焦虑症和情绪障碍，而男性则是物质使用障碍。除了行为障碍（男性更常见）之外，冲动控制障碍没有性别差异。在最年轻的人群中，流行率一直呈上升趋势。文化程度低与药物滥用有关。结论：精神疾病在SPMA的普通成年人中非常普遍，合并症多，大多数疾病发病年龄早，而年轻人群发病率更高。这种情况要求采取强有力的公共卫生行动。

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