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首页> 外文期刊>Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública >Gender differences in the effects of urban neighborhood on depressive symptoms in Jamaica
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Gender differences in the effects of urban neighborhood on depressive symptoms in Jamaica

机译：牙买加城市社区对抑郁症状影响的性别差异

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OBJECTIVE: To explore the mental health effects of the urban neighborhood on men and women in Jamaica and the implications for urban planning and social development. METHODS: A cross-sectional household sample of 2 848 individuals 15-74 years of age obtained from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2007-2008 was analyzed. Secondary analysis was undertaken by developing composite scores to describe observer recorded neighborhood features, including infrastructure, amenities/services, physical conditions, community socioeconomic status, and green spaces around the home. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Bivariate and multivariate methods were used to explore the associations among gender, neighborhood factors, and risk of depressive symptoms. RESULTS: While no associations were found among rural residents, urban neighborhoods were associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms. Among males, residing in a neighborhood with poor infrastructure increased risk; among females, residing in an informal community/unplanned neighborhood increased risk. CONCLUSIONS: The urban neighborhood contributes to the risk of depression symptomatology in Jamaica, with different environmental stressors affecting men and women. Urban and social planners need to consider the physical environment when developing health interventions in urban settings, particularly in marginalized communities.
机译：目的：探讨牙买加城市居民区对男性和女性的心理健康影响及其对城市规划和社会发展的影响。方法：分析了从2007-2008年牙买加健康与生活方式调查中获得的2848名15-74岁的家庭的横断面样本。通过开发综合评分来进行次要分析，以描述观察者记录的邻里特征，包括基础设施，便利设施/服务，身体状况，社区社会经济状况以及房屋周围的绿色空间。使用《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》（DSM-IV）评估抑郁症状。使用双变量和多变量方法探讨性别，邻里因素和抑郁症状风险之间的关联。结果：尽管在农村居民中未发现关联，但城市社区与抑郁症状的风险增加有关。在男性中，居住在基础设施较差的社区增加了患病风险;女性中，居住在非正式社区/计划外社区的风险增加。结论：在牙买加，城市社区加剧了抑郁症状的风险，不同的环境压力因素影响了男性和女性。在城市环境中，特别是在边缘化社区中，在制定健康干预措施时，城市和社会计划者需要考虑自然环境。

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