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首页> 外文期刊>Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical >How effective is dog culling in controlling zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis? a critical evaluation of the science, politics and ethics behind this public health policy
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How effective is dog culling in controlling zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis? a critical evaluation of the science, politics and ethics behind this public health policy

机译：狗扑出在控制人畜共患的内脏利什曼病方面的效果如何？对这项公共卫生政策背后的科学，政治和道德的批判性评价

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INTRODUCTION: Zoonotic kala-azar, a lethal disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania is considered out of control in parts of the world, particularly in Brazil, where transmission has spread to cities throughout most of the territory and mortality presents an increasing trend. Although a highly debatable measure, the Brazilian government regularly culls seropositive dogs to control the disease. Since control is failing, critical analysis concerning the actions focused on the canine reservoir was conducted. METHODS: In a review of the literature, a historical perspective focusing mainly on comparisons between the successful Chinese and Soviet strategies and the Brazilian approach is presented. In addition, analyses of the principal studies regarding the role of dogs as risk factors to humans and of the main intervention studies regarding the efficacy of the dog killing strategy were undertaken. Brazilian political reaction to a recently published systematic review that concluded that the dog culling program lacked efficiency and its effect on public policy were also reviewed. RESULTS: No firm evidence of the risk conferred by the presence of dogs to humans was verified; on the contrary, a lack of scientific support for the policy of killing dogs was confirmed. A bias for distorting scientific data towards maintaining the policy of culling animals was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Since there is no evidence that dog culling diminishes visceral leishmaniasis transmission, it should be abandoned as a control measure. Ethical considerations have been raised regarding distorting scientific results and the killing of animals despite minimal or absent scientific evidence
机译：引言：人畜共患的黑热病是由利什曼原虫属的原生动物引起的致死性疾病，在世界某些地区，特别是在巴西，其传播已扩散到整个领土的大部分地区，死亡率呈上升趋势，在巴西尤其如此。尽管这是一项值得商de的措施，但巴西政府会定期剔除血清阳性狗以控制这种疾病。由于控制失败，因此对针对犬类水库的行动进行了严格的分析。方法：在文献综述中，提出了一种历史观点，主要侧重于成功的中国和苏联战略与巴西方法之间的比较。此外，还进行了有关狗作为人类危险因素的作用的主要研究以及有关狗杀死策略功效的主要干预研究的分析。巴西对最近发表的系统评价的政治反应得出结论，该评价得出的结论是，扑杀犬的程序效率低下，并且对犬对公共政策的影响也进行了评价。结果：没有确凿证据表明狗的存在会给人类带来风险。相反，证实了对杀死狗的政策缺乏科学支持。观察到歪曲科学数据以维持扑杀动物政策的偏见。结论：由于没有证据表明狗的扑杀减少了内脏利什曼病的传播，因此应将其作为控制措施而放弃。尽管科学证据很少或缺乏，但有关扭曲科学结果和杀害动物的问题已引起伦理学考虑

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