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首页> 外文期刊>Royal Society Open Science >Position-dependent hearing in three species of bushcrickets (Tettigoniidae, Orthoptera)
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Position-dependent hearing in three species of bushcrickets (Tettigoniidae, Orthoptera)

机译：三种bush类动物（Tettigoniidae，直翅目）的位置依赖性听力

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摘要

A primary task of auditory systems is the localization of sound sources in space. Sound source localization in azimuth is usually based on temporal or intensity differences of sounds between the bilaterally arranged ears. In mammals, localization in elevation is possible by transfer functions at the ear, especially the pinnae. Although insects are able to locate sound sources, little attention is given to the mechanisms of acoustic orientation to elevated positions. Here we comparatively analyse the peripheral hearing thresholds of three species of bushcrickets in respect to sound source positions in space. The hearing thresholds across frequencies depend on the location of a sound source in the three-dimensional hearing space in front of the animal. Thresholds differ for different azimuthal positions and for different positions in elevation. This position-dependent frequency tuning is species specific. Largest differences in thresholds between positions are found in Ancylecha fenestrata . Correspondingly, A. fenestrata has a rather complex ear morphology including cuticular folds covering the anterior tympanal membrane. The position-dependent tuning might contribute to sound source localization in the habitats. Acoustic orientation might be a selective factor for the evolution of morphological structures at the bushcricket ear and, speculatively, even for frequency fractioning in the ear.
机译：听觉系统的主要任务是在空间中定位声源。方位角中的声源定位通常是基于两侧排列的耳朵之间的声音的时间或强度差异。在哺乳动物中，可以通过耳朵（尤其是耳廓）上的传递函数来定位高程。尽管昆虫能够定位声源，但很少注意将声音定向到较高位置的机制。在这里，我们相对于空间中的声源位置，比较地分析了三种树cri的周围听觉阈值。跨频率的听力阈值取决于声源在动物前面的三维听力空间中的位置。对于不同的方位角位置和不同的仰角位置，阈值是不同的。这种与位置有关的频率调谐是特定于物种的。在Ancylecha fenestrata中，位置之间的阈值差异最大。相应地，A.fenestrata具有相当复杂的耳朵形态，包括覆盖前鼓膜的表皮褶皱。位置相关的调音可能有助于声源在栖息地中的定位。声学取向可能是丛林bush耳朵形态结构演变的选择因素，甚至可能是耳朵中的频率分配的推测因素。

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