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首页> 外文期刊>Ocean Science Discussions >Large-scale temperature and salinity changes in the upper Canadian Basin of the Arctic Ocean at a time of a drastic Arctic Oscillation inversion
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Large-scale temperature and salinity changes in the upper Canadian Basin of the Arctic Ocean at a time of a drastic Arctic Oscillation inversion

机译：剧烈的北极涛动反转时北冰洋上加拿大盆地的大规模温度和盐度变化

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Between 2008 and 2010, the Arctic Oscillation index over Arctic regions shifted from positive values corresponding to more cyclonic conditions prevailing during the 4th International Polar Year (IPY) period (2007–2008) to extremely negative values corresponding to strong anticyclonic conditions in 2010. In this context, we investigated the recent large-scale evolution of the upper western Arctic Ocean, based on temperature and salinity summertime observations collected during icebreaker campaigns and from ice-tethered profilers (ITPs) drifting across the region in 2008 and 2010. Particularly, we focused on (1) the freshwater content which was extensively studied during previous years, (2) the near-surface temperature maximum due to incoming solar radiation, and (3) the water masses advected from the Pacific Ocean into the Arctic Ocean. The observations revealed a freshwater content change in the Canadian Basin during this time period. South of 80° N, the freshwater content increased, while north of 80° N, less freshening occurred in 2010 compared to 2008. This was more likely due to the strong anticyclonicity characteristic of a low AO index mode that enhanced both a wind-generated Ekman pumping in the Beaufort Gyre and a possible diversion of the Siberian River runoff toward the Eurasian Basin at the same time. The near-surface temperature maximum due to incoming solar radiation was almost 1 °C colder in the southern Canada Basin (south of 75° N) in 2010 compared to 2008, which contrasted with the positive trend observed during previous years. This was more likely due to higher summer sea ice concentration in 2010 compared to 2008 in that region, and surface albedo feedback reflecting more sun radiation back in space. The Pacific water (PaW) was also subjected to strong spatial and temporal variability between 2008 and 2010. In the Canada Basin, both summer and winter PaW signatures were stronger between 75° N and 80° N. This was more likely due to a strong recirculation within the Beaufort Gyre. In contrast, south of 75° N, the cooling and warming of the summer and winter PaW, respectively, suggest that either the PaW was less present in 2010 than in 2008 in this region, and/or the PaW was older in 2010 than in 2008. In addition, in the vicinity of the Chukchi Sea, both summer and winter PaW were significantly warmer in 2010 than in 2008, as a consequence of a general warming trend of the PaW entering in the deep Arctic Ocean as of 2008.
机译：在2008年至2010年期间，北极地区的北极涛动指数从对应于第四国际极地年（IPY）期间（2007-2008）盛行的更多气旋条件的正值转变为对应于2010年强反气旋条件的极负值。在此背景下，我们根据破冰运动期间收集的夏季温度和盐度观测数据以及从2008年和2010年在该地区漂流的冰栓廓线仪（ITP），调查了北冰洋西部地区近期的大规模演变。特别是，我们着重于（1）在前几年进行了广泛研究的淡水含量，（2）由于太阳辐射的入射而引起的近地表最高温度，以及（3）从太平洋流入北冰洋的水团。观测表明，在这段时间内加拿大盆地的淡水含量发生了变化。在80°N以南，2010年的淡水含量增加，而在80°N以北，与2008年相比，淡水减少了。这很可能是由于低AO指数模式具有强的反气旋特性，从而增强了风能。埃克曼在博福特涡流中抽水，同时西伯利亚河径流可能会转向欧亚盆地。与2008年相比，2010年加拿大南部盆地（南北75°N）因入射太阳辐射引起的近地表温度最高降低了近1°C，这与前几年的积极趋势形成了鲜明对比。这更有可能是由于该地区2010年的夏季海冰浓度高于2008年，而该地区的反照率反馈反映了太空中更多的太阳辐射。太平洋水（PaW）在2008年至2010年之间也经历了强烈的时空变化。在加拿大盆地，夏季和冬季的PaW信号在75°N和80°N之间都较强。 Beaufort Gyre内部的再循环。相反，在75°N以南，分别是夏季和冬季PaW的降温和暖化，表明该地区的PaW在2010年的存在少于2008年，和/或2010年的PaW比在该区域的早。 2008年。此外，在楚科奇海附近，由于2008年PaW进入北冰洋深处的总体变暖趋势，2010年夏季和冬季的PaW均比2008年明显变暖。

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