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Ambient Temperature and Mortality Due to External Causes: A Systematic Review

机译：外部原因引起的环境温度和死亡率：系统评价

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Background: External causes include accidents, injuries or health problems that arise immediately after accidents or other external factors. The purpose of this review was to collect information about the relation between temperature and mortality due to external causes. Methods: A systematic search of articles was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, and Web of Science until January 2017, with no restriction. Broad searches were conducted in all fields, using key words related to ambient temperature exposure and deaths due to external causes. Results: Nine articles were included in the study. Except two articles, one of which had been designed in a cross-sectional way and the other that was retrospective, the rest of the articles were ecological. The outcomes reported were heterogeneous and different metrics had been used in the results; therefore conducting of meta-analysis was not possible. Five articles had found direct and significant relations between high temperature and deaths due to external causes. Only one study found no relation. In the case of cold, one study showed that the proportion of death due to external causes was low during cold waves. Another study showed that there was no relation between cold waves and mortality due to external causes. But one article showed that death due to external causes increased on cold days, significantly. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review showed that high temperatures (heat) were more likely to cause mortality due to external causes than low temperatures (cold). Due to the small number of studies in this field, especially in the context of cold and death due to external causes, it is difficult to make robust conclusions.
机译：背景：外部原因包括事故或其他外部因素导致的事故，伤害或健康问题。这次审查的目的是收集有关温度和外部原因导致的死亡率之间的关系的信息。方法：截至2017年1月，在PubMed，Scopus，Science Direct，Embase和Web of Science中进行了系统的文章搜索，没有限制。在所有领域都进行了广泛的搜索，使用了与环境温度暴露和外部原因导致的死亡相关的关键词。结果：九篇文章被纳入研究。除了两篇文章（其中一篇是横断面设计的，另一篇是回顾性的）外，其余文章都是生态性的。报告的结果是异类的，结果中使用了不同的指标。因此无法进行荟萃分析。五篇文章发现高温与外部原因导致的死亡之间存在直接且显着的关系。只有一项研究发现没有关系。在感冒的情况下，一项研究表明，在感冒期间因外部原因导致的死亡比例很低。另一项研究表明，冷潮与外部原因导致的死亡率之间没有关系。但是一篇文章表明，由于外部原因造成的死亡在寒冷的日子里显着增加。结论：该系统评价的结果表明，高温（热）比低温（冷）更可能导致外部原因导致的死亡。由于该领域的研究很少，特别是在由于外部原因导致的寒冷和死亡的情况下，很难得出可靠的结论。

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