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首页> 外文期刊>Open Journal of Ecology >Effects of temperature and resource abundance on small- and large-bodied cladocerans: Community stability and species replacement
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Effects of temperature and resource abundance on small- and large-bodied cladocerans: Community stability and species replacement

机译：温度和资源丰富度对小型和大型锁骨角ado的影响：群落稳定性和物种替代

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Understanding when small- or large-bodied cladocerans dominate zooplankton communities has received considerable debate over the past 50 years. While a large body of research has proposed that large-bodied species are superior competitors over small-bodied species, other studies have shown that small-bodied species can dominate at least under some environmental conditions. We tested the hypothesis that dominance by small- and large-bodied cladocerans varied in response to the coupled effects of food supply and temperature. Laboratory experiments with poly- and monocultures of small- and large-bodied cladocerans were performed at three temperatures (16°C, 22°C and 27°C) and with varying amounts of food supply. The results of the experiments showed that the small-bodied species (Ceriodaphnia quadrangula) dominated at low food supply and higher temperature, while the large-bodied species (Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex) in contrast dominated at lower temperature and higher food supply. Furthermore, although there were variations in the relative biomass of the small- and large-bodied cladocerans in the polycultures, C. quandrangula replaced the two larger Daphnia species when they declined in biomass at low food supply. Species replacement in response to temperature and food supply helped to maintain the relatively constant level of total cladoceran biomass in the polycultures which was the most pronounced at the intermediate temperature. We suggest that the observed changes in dominance were similar to facilitative replacement rather than competitive exclusion. Physiological processes such as clearance rates can help to promote the succession of large- and small- bodied populations within a community along gradients of temperature and food availability.
机译：在过去的50年中，了解小型或大型锁骨角鲨在浮游动物群落中的主导地位已经引起了广泛的争论。尽管大量研究表明，大体物种比小体物种更具竞争优势，但其他研究表明，至少在某些环境条件下，小体物种可以占主导地位。我们检验了以下假设：食物和温度的耦合效应使大小体的锁骨的优势发生变化。在三种温度（16°C，22°C和27°C）下，在食物供应量不同的情况下，对小型和大型锁骨的混合培养和单培养进行了实验室实验。实验结果表明，在低食物供应和较高温度下，小体种（Ceriodaphnia quadrangula）占主导，而在低温和高食物供应下，大体物种（Daphnia magna和Daphnia pulex）则占主导。此外，尽管在混养中小体和大体枝角类的相对生物量存在差异，但是当食物供应不足时，量子杯（C. quandrangula）代替了两个较大的水蚤物种。响应温度和食物供应而进行的物种替代有助于在混养中保持总枝ado生物量的相对恒定水平，这在中间温度下最为明显。我们建议观察到的主导地位变化类似于促进替代而非竞争排斥。诸如清除率之类的生理过程可以帮助促进社区内大小体种群沿着温度和食物供应量梯度的演替。

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