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Biosurveillance study of Schmallenberg disease in Azerbaijan in 2012-2017

机译：2012-2017年阿塞拜疆Schmallenberg病的生物监测研究

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Objective Schmallenberg virus (SBV) is an orthobunyavirus that primarily infects domestic and wild ruminants and causes symptoms such as transient fever, diarrhea, reduced milk production, congenital malformations and abortion. The first virus was identified in 2011 at the onset of a major outbreak in Europe (Germany, Hungary, and France). Introduction In 2012 - 2017 in Azerbaijan there was an unexpected increase of abortions in cattle and sheep that was unrelated to brucellosis or chlamydia infection. The first confirmed case of Schmallenberg disease was received from Beylagan district of Azerbaijan in October 2012. The import of cattle from Europe to Azerbaijan has commenced in 2012. Therefore, the surveillance study was launched to determine spread of infection among cattle and sheep and to monitor the situation in the country. Methods State Veterinary Control Service notified 42 Regional Veterinary Offices of Azerbaijan to commence the monitoring of Schmallenberg disease. Blood samples were collected from sheep, and cattle and biopsies of heads or necks from aborted fetuses were sampled too.. The collected samples were tested in the Republican Veterinary Laboratory. ELISA was used to investigate the presence of specific antibodies against Schmallenberg virus in the blood samples using IDEXX Schmallenberg Ab Test Kit. The commercially available real-time PCR kits (VetMAX? Schmallenberg Virus Kit) were applied to test the biopsy samples. Both tests were recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health. Results Total, 40,257 blood samples were collected from suspicious cattle and sheep. 671 biopsies samples were taken from fetuses. 4,281 cattle and 999 sheep with antibodies against SBVwere detected. The PCR results showed that the 77 biopsies samples were positive for SBV. The highest numbers of seropositive animals were found in Ganja, Aghdash, Barda, and Baku. Conclusions This biosurveillance study determined SBV in the samples of cattle and sheep in Azerbaijan, therefore, it is important to carry out annual seromonitoring and start the vaccination program. It is essential to check the passport of imported cattle, which has the disease history and seroprevalence of SBV.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-014-0307-3 ?
机译：目标Schmallenberg病毒（SBV）是一种原发病毒，主要感染家养和野生反刍动物，并引起诸如短暂发烧，腹泻，产奶量减少，先天性畸形和流产等症状。在欧洲（德国，匈牙利和法国）爆发一次重大疫情后，于2011年发现了第一种病毒。引言在2012年至2017年间，阿塞拜疆的牛和羊流产意外增加，这与布鲁氏菌病或衣原体感染无关。 2012年10月从阿塞拜疆的Beylagan区收到首例确诊的Schmallenberg病病例。2012年开始从欧洲向阿塞拜疆进口牛。因此，开展了监测研究，以确定感染在牛和绵羊之间的传播并进行监测该国的情况。方法国家兽医控制局通知阿塞拜疆的42个地区兽医局开始监测Schmallenberg病。从绵羊中采集血液样本，对牛和流产胎儿的头部或颈部活检样本也进行采样。所采集的样本在共和兽医实验室进行了测试。 ELISA使用IDEXX Schmallenberg Ab测试试剂盒来研究血液样本中针对Schmallenberg病毒的特异性抗体的存在。应用市售的实时PCR试剂盒（VetMAX®Schmallenberg Virus Kit）来检测活检样品。两种测试均由世界动物卫生组织推荐。结果共采集可疑牛羊40257份血样。 671份活检样本取自胎儿。检出了4,281头牛和999头带有SBV抗体的绵羊。 PCR结果显示77份活检样本中SBV呈阳性。在Ganja，Aghdash，Barda和Baku发现血清反应阳性动物的数量最多。结论该生物监测研究确定了阿塞拜疆牛和绵羊样品中的SBV，因此，进行年度血清监测并启动疫苗接种计划非常重要。必须检查具有病史和SBV血清阳性的进口牛的护照.https：//doi.org/10.1186/s12917-014-0307-3？

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