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首页> 外文期刊>Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine >A Wearable Neuromuscular Device Reduces ACL Injury Risk in Female Soccer Athletes
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A Wearable Neuromuscular Device Reduces ACL Injury Risk in Female Soccer Athletes

机译：可穿戴的神经肌肉设备可降低女足球运动员ACL受伤的风险

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Objectives: Female soccer athletes have a three-fold greater risk of sustaining an ACL injury compared with their male counterparts yet only 1 in 5 teams engage in ACL risk reduction programs due to several participation barriers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a wearable neuromuscular (WNM) device on postural control, performance and ACL injury risk in female soccer athletes. Methods: Seventy-nine elite youth and collegiate female soccer athletes (age range: 12-25 y) trained with a WNM device that applied bi-lateral, topical pressure to the medial quadriceps and hamstrings muscles (Topical Gear, Austin, TX). The athletes performed 7-9 weeks of pre-season training with the WNM device consisting of strength and conditioning exercises and on-field team practices (46-64 total hours of exposure). Postural control was measured in 15 athletes with and without the WNM device before and after the training program; and performance was measured in 25 athletes without the WNM device before and after the training program. Postural control was determined from a single-leg landing on a force plate from a horizontal distance normalized to leg length. The athletes were instructed to gain their balance as fast as possible upon landing and remain balanced for 5 seconds. The peak ground reaction forces (GRF) and the medial-lateral, anterior-posterior and net center of pressure (COP) velocities and displacement ranges were calculated during 2 seconds of single-leg stance. Performance measures including speed, power and endurance were measured from the 40 yard dash, vertical jump for height and the Beep test, respectively. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc comparisons were used to compare the postural variables; and t-tests were used to compare the performance tests (p=.05). ACL injury rates, the absolute risk reduction (ARR) and the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one ACL injury were calculated between the WNM intervention group and 11 control groups identified from 10 studies in the literature that followed female soccer athletes for an entire soccer season. The treatment effect of the WNM device was determined to be statistically significant at the .05 level if the 95% confidence interval for the ARR of an ACL injury did not include zero. Results: Training with the WNM device demonstrated 18% lower peak medial GRFs (p=.005), 12% lower medial-lateral COP velocities (p=.032) and 18% longer landing phase durations (p=.001). Landing and balance performance with, compared to without, the WNM device demonstrated 2% lower peak vertical GRF (p=.047), 6% lower net COP velocities (p=.044) and 10% lower medial-lateral COP displacements (p=.018). Speed, power and endurance significantly improved 7, 22 and 14% after training with the WNM device (all p<.05). No athletes in the current study sustained an ACL injury during training or over the course of the season. The ARR was on average lowered 1.5% and statistically improved in 9 of the 11 control group comparisons (p<.05) and corresponded to a RRR of 100%. From the NNT analysis, it was determined that 92 female soccer athletes would need to be trained with the WNM device to prevent one ACL injury over the course of one competitive season. Conclusion: Training with a WNM device improved postural control without limiting performance and reduced ACL injury risk in female soccer athletes. Wearable neuromuscular products may provide a solution to the current participation barriers of ACL injury risk reduction programs.
机译：目标：女足球运动员遭受ACL伤害的风险是男运动员的三倍，但由于几个参与障碍，只有五分之一的球队参加ACL风险降低计划。这项研究的目的是确定可穿戴神经肌肉（WNM）设备对女足球运动员的姿势控制，性能和ACL损伤风险的影响。方法：79名精英青年和大学女子足球运动员（年龄范围：12-25岁）接受了WNM装置的训练，该装置向双侧肱四头肌和绳肌施加了局部局部压力（Topical Gear，奥斯汀，德克萨斯州）。运动员使用WNM设备进行了7-9周的季前训练，包括力量和体能训练以及现场团队练习（总共46-64小时的暴露时间）。在训练计划之前和之后，对15名有和没有WNM装置的运动员的姿势控制进行了测量。在训练计划前后，在没有WNM设备的情况下，对25名运动员的表现进行了测量。姿势控制是通过将单腿降落到测力板上并从标准化为腿长的水平距离确定的。指示运动员着陆时尽快获得平衡，并保持平衡5秒钟。在单腿姿势的2秒钟内，计算了地面最大反作用力（GRF）以及内侧，外侧，前后和净压力中心（COP）的速度和位移范围。分别从40码仪表板，高度的垂直跳动和Beep测试中测量了包括速度，力量和耐力在内的性能指标。采用双向重复测量方差分析和事后比较来比较姿势变量。使用t检验比较性能测试（p = .05）。在WNM干预组和11个对照组之间计算ACL损伤率，绝对危险度降低（ARR）和预防1个ACL损伤所需的治疗次数（NNT），该11个对照组是根据10项文献研究确定的。整个足球赛季。如果ACL损伤的ARR的95％置信区间不包括零，则将WNM装置的治疗效果确定为.05水平具有统计学意义。结果：使用WNM装置进行训练时，内侧GRF峰值降低了18％（p = .005），内侧-外侧COP速度降低了12％（p = .032），着陆阶段持续时间延长了18％（p = .001）。与不使用WNM装置相比，使用WNM装置时的着陆和平衡性能显示出峰值垂直GRF降低2％（p = .047），净COP速度降低6％（p = .044），内侧-外侧COP位移降低10％（p = .018）。使用WNM设备训练后，速度，力量和耐力显着提高了7％，22％和14％（所有p <.05）。在本研究中，没有运动员在训练期间或整个赛季中遭受ACL损伤。在11个对照组比较中的9个中，ARR平均降低了1.5％，并在统计学上有所改善（p <.05），对应于100％的存款准备金率。根据NNT分析，确定需要对92名女足球运动员进行WNM训练，以防止在一个比赛赛季中受伤一次ACL。结论：使用WNM装置进行训练可改善姿势控制，而又不限制其性能，并减少了女足球运动员的ACL损伤风险。可穿戴的神经肌肉产品可以为ACL损伤风险降低计划的当前参与障碍提供解决方案。

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