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首页> 外文期刊>Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine >Pectoralis Minor Contracture in Throwing Shoulders of Asymptomatic Adolescent Baseball Players
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Pectoralis Minor Contracture in Throwing Shoulders of Asymptomatic Adolescent Baseball Players

机译：胸大肌向无症状青少年棒球运动员投掷肩部挛缩

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Background: Although scapular malpositioning is commonly associated with rotational deficits and risk of injury, modifiable causes of such malpositioning in overhead athletes are not well described. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine the scapulothoracic profile of adolescent baseball players, specifically, pectoralis minor (PM) length. We hypothesized that PM would be shorter in throwing shoulders compared with nonthrowing shoulders. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Forty-nine healthy adolescent baseball players underwent clinical screening of PM lengths in throwing and nonthrowing shoulders by means of previously described, validated techniques. PM measurements were conducted while players were supine with arms at rest, sitting with arms at rest, and sitting with shoulders in maximal external rotation; measurements were made with a digital caliper and by assessment of table-to-acromion distance. Static scapular position and range of motion measurements were recorded. Demographic information and playing history were documented. Results: All players were male, they had a mean ± SD age of 16.2 ± 1.16 years, and they predominantly threw right-handed (83.7%). Sixty-nine percent of players were pitchers, 61.2% had played baseball for 9 or more months per year, and 67.3% had played in excess of 30 games in the previous year. Significant differences were noted during side-to-side comparisons within participants. Absolute PM length was significantly shorter in throwing compared with nonthrowing shoulders when measured with players sitting with arms at rest (by 3.7 ± 11.8 mm) and with their shoulders in maximal external rotation (by 4.8 ± 15.1 mm) ( P < .004 for both). The PM index was significantly reduced in throwing compared with nonthrowing shoulders while players were supine with arms at rest ( P = .007), sitting with arms at rest ( P = .006), and sitting with shoulders in maximal external rotation ( P < .001). Mean table-to-acromion distance was increased 7.7 ± 1.26 mm in throwing versus nonthrowing arms ( P < .001). The scapular index was significantly reduced in throwing compared with nonthrowing shoulders ( P < .005). Conclusion: Asymptomatic adolescent baseball players have significant differences in PM length and static scapular measurements in throwing compared with nonthrowing shoulders. The clinical significance requires further investigation, but emphasis on PM stretching routines is encouraged.
机译：背景：虽然肩cap骨位置不正确通常与旋转不足和受伤风险有关，但对于高架运动员中这种位置不当的可改变原因并没有很好地描述。目的/假设：本研究的目的是检查青少年棒球运动员的肩or孔轮廓，特别是胸小肌（PM）的长度。我们假设与不投掷的肩膀相比，投掷肩膀的PM较短。研究设计：横断面研究;证据等级，3。方法：49名健康的青少年棒球运动员已通过先前描述的经过验证的技术，进行了临床实验中对投掷和不投掷肩膀中PM长度的筛查。运动员在仰卧时手臂处于静止状态，手臂处于休息状态，肩膀处于最大外部旋转状态，进行了PM测量;使用数字卡尺并通过评估表到标定距离来进行测量。记录肩骨的静态位置和运动范围。记录人口统计信息和比赛历史。结果：所有球员均为男性，平均±SD年龄为16.2±1.16岁，主要为右撇子（83.7％）。百分之六十九的球员是投手，每年有61.2％的球员打过9个月或更长时间的棒球，而去年则有67.3％的球员打了超过30场比赛。在参与者之间进行的侧面比较中注意到了显着差异。与静止不动的肩膀相比，投掷时的绝对PM长度明显短于不投掷的肩膀（坐姿为3.7±11.8毫米），并且其肩膀处于最大外旋时（4.8±15.1毫米）（两种情况下的P <.004 ）。与不投掷的肩膀相比，当运动员仰卧时手臂处于静止状态（P = .007），手臂处于休息状态（P = .006）和肩膀处于最大外部旋转状态（P < .001）。与非投掷臂相比，投掷时平均从表到牙弓的距离增加了7.7±1.26 mm（P <.001）。与非掷肩相比，肩cap骨指数明显降低（P <.005）。结论：无症状的青少年棒球运动员在投掷时的PM长度和静态肩骨测量值与未投掷的肩膀相比有显着差异。临床意义需要进一步研究，但鼓励强调PM拉伸程序。

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