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首页> 外文期刊>Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine >Sport Participation and Specialization Characteristics Among Pediatric Soccer Athletes
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Sport Participation and Specialization Characteristics Among Pediatric Soccer Athletes

机译：小儿足球运动员的体育参与和专业化特征

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Background: Soccer is an increasingly popular sport for children and adolescents in the United States. Little is known about participation patterns related to sport specialization. Purpose: To investigate soccer participation levels and sport specialization characteristics among youth soccer athletes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Adolescent athletes aged between 12 and 18 years completed an online survey addressing participant demographics, sports and soccer participation history, and level of specialization. Descriptive analyses characterized participation, while chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests assessed the influence of specialization, sex, and grade on survey variables. Results: Overall, 83.7% of 746 respondents participated in an organized soccer league outside of school, and 37% played in multiple leagues concurrently. Nearly three-quarters of respondents trained in soccer more than 8 months of the year, with those who participated in club soccer being more likely to train more than 8 months of the year. More respondents were classified as high specialization (37.5%), followed by moderate (35.6%) and low (28.6%) specialization. No differences between sexes were noted for level of specialization or quitting other sports to specialize in soccer, but male athletes were more likely to train more than 8 months per year compared with female athletes. Respondents in older grades (9th-10th and 11th-12th grades) were more likely to be highly specialized and quit other sports to focus on soccer. No differences between grade levels were found among respondents training more than 8 months per year. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that many youth soccer athletes participated in multiple teams or leagues at the same time and trained more than 8 months of the year. Characteristics including participation on a club team, level of specialization, and male sex were associated with a greater likelihood of exceeding the 8-month training recommendation.
机译：背景：足球是美国儿童和青少年越来越受欢迎的运动。关于体育专业化的参与模式知之甚少。目的：调查青少年足球运动员的足球参与水平和体育专业化特征。研究设计：横断面研究。方法：年龄在12至18岁之间的青少年运动员完成了一项在线调查，内容涉及参与者的人口统计学，体育和足球的参与历史以及专业水平。描述性分析以参与为特征，而卡方检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验则评估专业化，性别和等级对调查变量的影响。结果：总体而言，在746位受访者中，有83.7％的人参加了校外有组织的足球联赛，而37％的人同时参加了多个联赛。每年将近四分之三的受访者接受足球训练的时间超过8个月，而参加俱乐部足球的受访者则更有可能在一年的时间训练8个月以上。更多的受访者被归类为高专业化（37.5％），其次是中级（35.6％）和低专业化（28.6％）。在专业水平上或退出其他运动专业以足球方面没有发现性别差异，但是男性运动员比女性运动员更可能每年训练8个月以上。高年级（9至10年级和11至12年级）的受访者更可能具有高度专业性，并退出其他运动而专注于足球。每年接受培训超过8个月的受访者之间的年级水平之间没有差异。结论：研究结果表明，许多青年足球运动员同时参加多个团队或联赛，并且一年中训练了8个月以上。包括参加俱乐部团队，专业水平和男性特征在内的特征与超过8个月培训建议的可能性更大。

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