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首页> 外文期刊>Sao Paulo Medical Journal >Contribution to the treatment of nausea and emesis induced by chemotherapy in children and adolescents with osteosarcoma
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Contribution to the treatment of nausea and emesis induced by chemotherapy in children and adolescents with osteosarcoma

机译：对儿童和青少年骨肉瘤化疗引起的恶心和呕吐的治疗作用

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Chemotherapy-induced emesis is a limiting factor in treating children with malignancies. Intensive chemotherapy regimens along with emetogenic drug administration have increased the frequency and severity of emesis and nausea. Our study was designed to consider the importance of this problem and the need for improvement in emesis treatment for patients receiving chemotherapy. Our objective was to compare the efficacy and safety of the antiemetic drug granisetron and a regimen of metoclopramide plus dimenhydrinate. DESIGN AND SETTING: Open, prospective and randomized study at Instituto de Oncologia Pediátrica, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de S?o Paulo. METHODS: From February to August 1994, 26 patients (mean age: 14 years) with osteosarcoma received 80 chemotherapy cycles of iphosphamide (2,500 mg/m2) plus epirubicin (75 mg/m2) or carboplatin (600 mg/m2), or epirubicin (75 mg/m2) plus carboplatin (600 mg/m2). Eighty chemotherapy treatments were analyzed regarding nausea and vomiting control. Patients were randomized to receive either a single dose of granisetron (50 µg/kg) or metoclopramide (2 mg/kg) plus dimenhydrinate (5 mg/kg infused over eight hours). Emesis and nausea were monitored for 24 hours by means of the modified Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis. Statistical analysis utilized the chi-squared, Student t and Mann-Whitney tests, plus data exploration techniques. RESULTS: 62.5% of the patients undergoing chemotherapy responded completely to granisetron, whereas 10% responded to metoclopramide plus dimenhydrinate (p < 0.0001). No severe adverse reactions were found in either of the treatments given. CONCLUSION: In children and adolescents with osteosarcoma, granisetron was safe and more efficient than metoclopramide plus dimenhydrinate for controlling chemotherapy-induced emesis and nausea.
机译：背景与目的：化疗引起的呕吐是治疗儿童恶性肿瘤的限制因素。强烈的化疗方案以及致癌药的使用增加了呕吐和恶心的频率和严重程度。我们的研究旨在考虑该问题的重要性以及对接受化疗的患者进行呕吐治疗的改进需求。我们的目的是比较止吐药Granisetron以及甲氧氯普胺加地诺海明的方案的疗效和安全性。设计与地点：在圣保罗联邦大学儿科系的Peco儿科研究所进行的开放，前瞻性和随机研究。方法：1994年2月至1994年8月，26例骨肉瘤患者（平均年龄：14岁）接受了80次化疗，包括iphosphamide（2,500 mg / m2）加epirubicin（75 mg / m2）或carboplatin（600 mg / m2）或epirubicin （75毫克/平方米）加上卡铂（600毫克/平方米）。分析了80种化学疗法治疗恶心和呕吐的情况。患者随机接受单剂量的Granisetron（50 µg / kg）或甲氧氯普胺（2 mg / kg）加苯海马宁（5 mg / kg，历时8小时）。通过改良的恶心和呕吐物的Morrow评估，监测呕吐物和恶心24小时。统计分析利用卡方检验，Student t和Mann-Whitney检验以及数据探索技术。结果：接受化疗的患者中有62.5％的患者对Granisetron完全反应，而有10％的患者接受了甲氧氯普胺加双苯海莫因治疗（p <0.0001）。两种治疗均未发现严重不良反应。结论：对于患有骨肉瘤的儿童和青少年，格拉司琼在控制化疗引起的呕吐和恶心方面比甲氧氯普胺加地诺米松更为安全有效。

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